銆€銆€銆愭憳瑕併€�2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│鍌欒€冮€�(j矛n)琛屼腑锛岀恫(w菐ng)鏍＄偤骞姪澶у鍌欒€冪壒鍒嗕韩浜�“2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│琛�(w猫i)鐢熼闁辫畝鐞嗚В绶寸繏(x铆)鍥�”锛屽笇鏈涘倷鑰�2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│鐨勮€冪敓閮借兘闋嗗埄閫氶棞(gu膩n)锛屾洿澶氳硣鏂欐暚璜嬮棞(gu膩n)娉ㄧ挵(hu谩n)鐞冭伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│闋婚亾锛�

銆€銆€鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鎺ㄨ枽锛�2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│琛�(w猫i)鐢熼闁辫畝鐞嗚В绶寸繏(x铆)鍖附

銆€銆€First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse, temperature, a clear airway (姘ｉ亾), and breathing. In minor emergencies, first aid may prevent a victim's condition from turning worse and provide relief from pain. First aid must be administered as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.

銆€銆€First-aid measures depend upon a victim's needs and the provider's level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. Improperly moving a person with a neck injury, for example, can lead to permanent spinal (鑴婃煴鐨�) injury and paralysis (鐧辩槗).

銆€銆€Despite the variety of injuries possible, several principles of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, assess the scene, asking other people or the injured person's family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and preexisting conditions such as diabetes (绯栧翱鐥�) or heart trouble. The victim should be checked for a medical bracelet (鎵嬮惒) or card that describes special medical conditions. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.

銆€銆€First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist. One method for evaluating a victim's condition is known by the acronym (棣栧瓧姣嶇府瀵) ABC, which stands for:

銆€銆€A - Airway: is it open and clear?

銆€銆€B - Breathing: is the person breathing? Look, listen, and feet for breathing.

銆€銆€C - Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding externally? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.

銆€銆€1 First aid may bring about all the following results EXCEPT

銆€銆€A saving a victim's life.

銆€銆€B preventing a victim's condition from getting worse.

銆€銆€C helping a person avoid sudden illness or injury.

銆€銆€D relieving a victim from pain.

銆€銆€2 Before we administer first aid to a victim, it is very important for us

銆€銆€A to refer to all kinds of handbooks on first aid.

銆€銆€B to make sure what to do and what not to do.

銆€銆€C to remove the ring or bracelet he may be wearing.

銆€銆€D to take him to a hospital at once.

銆€銆€3 In administering first aid to a victim, you should first of all

銆€銆€A remove him from the accident scene.

銆€銆€B turn him over.

銆€銆€C examine him carefully.

銆€銆€D call for professional medical help.

銆€銆€4 You may assess a victim's condition by all the following EXCEPT

銆€銆€A checking whether there is a pulse.

銆€銆€B looking, listening and feeling for breathing.

銆€銆€C examining whether the airway is open and

銆€銆€D replacing his medical bracelet or card.

銆€銆€5 The purpose of the passage is to tell the reader

銆€銆€A some basic facts about first aid.

銆€銆€B the importance of protecting the accident scene

銆€銆€C what professional medical help is.

銆€銆€D who can administer first aid.

銆€銆€銆愬弮鑰冪瓟妗堛€�1. C 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. A

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2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│椤屽瀷鍒嗘瀽

2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│寰�(f霉)缈�(x铆)鎸囧皫(d菐o)

2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│鍌欒€冪稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鍖附

銆€銆€鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍″弸鎯呮彁绀猴細2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│鍗冲皣闁嬪鍫卞悕锛屾湰鏂囨暣鐞�“2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│琛�(w猫i)鐢熼闁辫畝鐞嗚В绶寸繏(x铆)鍥�”渚涜€冪敓鍙冭€冪反缈�(x铆)銆傚鏋滄偍鍦ㄦ閬庣▼涓亣鍒颁换浣曠枒鍟�锛岃珛鐧婚寗鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍�鑱风ū鑻辫獮闋婚亾鍙�鑱风ū鑻辫獮璜栧锛屾垜鍊戦毃鏅傝垏寤ｅぇ鑰冪敓鏈嬪弸鍊戜竴璧蜂氦娴�!

銆€銆€銆愭憳瑕併€�2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│鍌欒€冮€�(j矛n)琛屼腑锛岀恫(w菐ng)鏍＄偤骞姪澶у鍌欒€冪壒鍒嗕韩浜�“2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│琛�(w猫i)鐢熼闁辫畝鐞嗚В绶寸繏(x铆)鍥�”锛屽笇鏈涘倷鑰�2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│鐨勮€冪敓閮借兘闋嗗埄閫氶棞(gu膩n)锛屾洿澶氳硣鏂欐暚璜嬮棞(gu膩n)娉ㄧ挵(hu谩n)鐞冭伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│闋婚亾锛�

銆€銆€鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鎺ㄨ枽锛�2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│琛�(w猫i)鐢熼闁辫畝鐞嗚В绶寸繏(x铆)鍖附

銆€銆€Sleeplessness

銆€銆€Insomnia or sleeplessness is a common complaint1 of women as they enter into menopause. Insomnia means having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or the feeling that your sleep was not adequate for you. For women who are having night sweats, their sleep is broken by frequent awakening and therefore not refreshing. Generally once2 the night sweats are controlled a normal sleep pattern returns. If it doesn't it may be, or have become chronic insomnia.3 How do you know?

銆€銆€If you suffer from insomnia every night or most nights for a period of one month then you have chronic insomnia. If you're not having night sweats then it's time to look for other causes of sleeplessness. Depression and anxiety disorders are the most common causes of chronic insomnia. If you feel depressed you need to be checked by a qualified health care provider5. Movement disorders such as restless leg syndrome are second on the list6 of insomnia for them; there are new medicines that may help. Other common causes are shift working, and pain.

銆€銆€In up to7 30% of people with chronic insomnia no cause can be identified. Medical treatment of these people has generally been with sleeping pills. It is estimated that 25% of the adult population in America took some type of medicines for sleep last year. It is generally agreed that sleeping pills should only be in the lowest dose8 and for the shortest possible time.

銆€銆€Sleep hygiene9 is directed at changing bad sleep habits. The recommendations are锛� 涓€ Go to bed only when sleepy. 涓€Do not wait up to a specified time. 涓€Avoid caffeine and alcohol in the evening, etc.

銆€銆€瑭炲尟锛�

銆€銆€insomnia 澶辩洰姘�锛屽け鐪犵櫏 qualified 鏈夎硣鏍肩殑锛屽嫕浠荤殑锛屽叿鍌欏繀瑕佹浠剁殑

銆€銆€syndrome .缍滃悎鐥呯櫏锛岀稖鍚堢櫏 鐙€ identify 璀樺垾锛岄憭瀹�

銆€銆€dose (钘ョ墿绛夌殑)(涓€娆�)鍔戦噺锛屼竴 鍔戯紝涓€鏈�

銆€銆€hygiene琛�(w猫i)鐢�锛岃(w猫i)鐢熷(xu茅)锛屼繚鍋ュ(xu茅) recommendation .鍕稿憡锛屽缓璀�;鎺ㄨ枽

銆€銆€specify 鍏烽珨鎸囧畾锛屾槑纰鸿鏄� caffeine 鍜栧暋鍥�锛屽挅鍟″牽

銆€銆€complaint.鐤剧梾;鎶辨€�锛岃ù鑻� menopause 绲曠稉(j墨ng)锛岀禃缍�(j墨ng) 鏈燂紝鏇村勾鏈�

銆€銆€refreshing鎻愮鐨�锛屾都鐖界殑锛屾竻 娑肩殑 chronic (鐤剧梾)鎱�‘鎬х殑 depression 鎶戦儊锛屾伯鍠紝娑堟矇 disorder (韬�銆佸績姗�(j墨)鑳界殑)绱� 鑸孡,涓嶉仼,鐥�

銆€銆€娉ㄩ噵锛�

銆€銆€1.complaint:姝よ檿鎰忕偤“鐤剧梾”銆�

銆€銆€2.once:—鏃�(寮曞皫(d菐o)鏅傞枔鐙€瑾炲緸鍙�)

銆€銆€3.If it doesn't it may be, or have become chronic insomnia.濡傛灉姝ｅ父鐨勭潯鐪犺(gu墨)寰嬩笉鑳芥仮寰�(f霉)锛屽墖鍙� 鑳芥垚鐐烘垨宸茬稉(j墨ng)鎴愮偤鎱㈡€уけ鐪犱簡銆侷f k doesn't涓殑k鎸囦笂涓€鍙ユ彁鍒扮殑normal sleep pattern銆�

銆€銆€4. How do you know?鏄� How do you know if it may be or have become chronic insomnia?鐨勭渷鐣�銆�

銆€銆€5.a qualified health care provider锛�—鍊嬪悎鏍肩殑淇濆仴宸ヤ綔鑰咃紝閫欓噷娉涙寚閱�(y墨)鐢熸垨鍋ュ悍鍜ㄨ鑰佸斧绛�銆�

銆€銆€6.second on the list:鍦ㄥ悕鍠笂鍒楃浜岋紝鍗冲緸閲嶈鎬т締鐪嬩綅浜庣浜�銆�

銆€銆€7.up to:鎺ヨ繎

銆€銆€8.in the lowest dose:鐢ㄦ渶灏忓姂閲�

銆€銆€9.sleep hygiene:鐫＄湢鐨勮(w猫i)鐢�锛屾寚鑸囩潯鐪犳湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勪竴绯诲垪鍋ュ悍缈�(x铆)鎱�銆�

銆€銆€绶寸繏(x铆)锛�

銆€銆€1.The word "insomnia" in the first paragraph means

銆€銆€A having trouble falling or staying asleep.

銆€銆€B feeling that one's sleep is adequate for him.

銆€銆€C having no sweats at night.

銆€銆€D having a normal sleep pattern.

銆€銆€2.How many possible causes of sleeplessness are mentioned in the second paragraph?

銆€銆€A Five.

銆€銆€B Six.

銆€銆€C Seven.

銆€銆€D Numerous.

銆€銆€3.The expression “second on the list" in the second paragraph means

銆€銆€A the second least important cause of sleeplessness.

銆€銆€B the second most important cause of sleeplessness.

銆€銆€C the second on the doctor's list about sleepless people.

銆€銆€D the second on the writer's list recording sleeplessness.

銆€銆€4. Concerning the use of sleeping pills, which of the following statements is true?

銆€銆€A Most adult Americans use sleeping pills for sleep.

銆€銆€B Doctors seldom give sleepless people sleeping pills.

銆€銆€C Sleeping pills should be used for a very fixed period.

銆€銆€D Sleeping pills should be used in a very small amount.

銆€銆€5.Which of thp following does not fit with sleep hygiene?

銆€銆€A Making a rule to go to bed at a specific time every day.

銆€銆€B Going to bed when sleepy, not always at the same time.

銆€銆€C Trying not to drink any caffeine and alcohol in the evening.

銆€銆€D Changing bad sleep habits and following doctors' advice.

銆€銆€绛旀鑸囬瑙ｏ細

銆€銆€1.A 鏈枃绗簩鍙ョ郸浜�“insomnia” 鐨勫畾缇�锛�”Insomnia means having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep or the feeling that your sleep was not adequate for you. ” 鑷冲皯閫欎笁绋�—鎯呮硜閮藉彲鍙仛澶辩湢銆�

銆€銆€2.B 鍏辨彁鍏ó锛岃壆P night sweats, depression, anxiety disorders, movement disorders, shift working, pain銆�

銆€銆€3.B鍥犵浜屾鏄垪鑸夊け鐪犲師鍥狅紝second on the list鎸囧緸閲嶈鎬ф柟闈締鐪嬩綅浜庣浜�銆�

銆€銆€4.D 绗笁娈垫湯鍙ユ彁鍒颁簡瀹夌湢钘�锛岃珖鍒� “..? sleeping pills should only be in the lowest dose.. ? ”鍗虫噳(y墨ng)浣跨敤鏈€灏忓姂閲�銆�

銆€銆€5.A鏈€鍚庝竴娈垫彁鍑哄缓璀�:鍥颁簡灏辩潯鍜屾櫄涓婁笉鍠濅护浜鸿垐濂殑鍜栧暋鍜岄厭绛�锛屽苟涓嶈姹傚畾鏅備笂搴婏紝鏁� A闋�(xi脿ng)鏄尟瑾ょ殑銆�

銆€銆€璀枃锛氬け鐪�

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銆€銆€鏈夊皣杩�30%鐨勫け鐪犺€呮矑鏈夐’钁楃殑鍘熷洜銆傚皪閫欎簺鐥呬汉鐨勬不鐧傛柟娉曚竴鑸槸鍚冨畨鐪犺棩銆傚幓骞翠及瑷�(j矛)鏈� 25%鐨勭編鍦嬫垚骞翠汉鍚冭棩浠ヤ繚璀夌潯鐪�銆傚ぇ瀹朵竴鑷磋獚(r猫n)鐐烘湇鐢ㄥ畨鐪犺棩鎳�(y墨ng)鐢ㄦ渶灏忓姂閲�锛岀敤钘ユ湡鐩￠噺鐭�銆�

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2017骞磋伔绋辫嫳瑾炶€冭│鍌欒€冪稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n)鍖附

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