2016年職稱英語《理工類》階段練習(xí)(3)

　　下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

　　回答題:

　　E1 Nino

　　While some forecasting methods had limited success predicting the 1997 E1 Nino a few months in advance, the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large E1 Nino events up to two years in advance. That would be good news for governments, farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that E1 Nino can produce in various parts of the world.

　　Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later E1 Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate E1 Nino events dating back to 1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures. The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature.

　　The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C. Weare, a meteorologist at the University of California, Davis, who was not involved in the work, said it "suggests E1 Nino is indeed predictable."

　　"This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods." said Weare. He added that the new method "makes it possible to predict E1 Nino at long lead times." Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not looked as far back because they need other data, which is only available for recent decades, Weare said.

　　The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacific is of immense importance. The 1997 E1 Nino, for example, caused an estimated $20 billion in damage worldwide, offset by beneficial effects in other areas, said David Anderson, of the European Centre for Medium. Range Weather Forecasts in Reading England. The 1877 E1 Nino, meanwhile, coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China prompting the development of seasonal forecasting, Anderson said.

　　When E1 Nino hit in 1991 and 1997, 200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone, according to a 2002 United Nations report.

　　While predicting smaller E1 Nino events remains tricky, the ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed.

　　E1 Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February. The warming tends to last between 9 and 12 months and occurs every two to seven years.

　　The new forecasting method does not predict any major E1 Nino events in the next two years, although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possible.

　　16 The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict E1 Nino a few months in advance. 查看材料

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　參考答案：B

　　參考解析：

　　【解析】根據(jù)第一段第一句“While some forecasting methods had limited success predicting the 1 997 EI Nino a few months in advance，the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large EI Nino events up tO two years in advance.”可知，最遠(yuǎn)能提前到兩年，而問題句說“提前幾個(gè)月”，所以選B。

　　17 The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past E1 Nino occurrences and sea-surface temperatures.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　參考答案：A

　　參考解析：

　　【解析】根據(jù)第二段第一句“Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later EI Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000”可知，與問題內(nèi)容一致，所以選A。

　　18 The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past E1 Nino occurrences.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　參考答案：C

　　參考解析：

　　【解析】根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Other models also use sea-surface temperatures，but they have not looked as far back because they need other data，which is only available for recent decades，Weare said.”可知，本文并未提到題目說的內(nèi)容，所以選C。

　　19 Weare's contribution in predicting E1 Nino, was highly praised by other meteorologists,

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　參考答案：C

　　參考解析：

　　【解析】根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，文中并未提到Weare在預(yù)測(cè)厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象方面作出了貢獻(xiàn)，也沒有提到他的貢獻(xiàn)是否得到了其他氣象學(xué)家的高度贊揚(yáng)，所以選C。

　　20 According to a Chinese report, the flooding in China caused by E1 Nino in 1991 and 1997 affected 200 million Chinese people.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　參考答案：B

　　參考解析：

　　【解析】根據(jù)第六段內(nèi)容“When EI Nino hit in 1991 and 1997，200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone，according to a 2002 United Nations report.”可知，題目?jī)?nèi)容錯(cuò)誤，所以選B。

　　21 It takes about eight months for E1 Nino to reach its peak.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　參考答案：A

　　參考解析：

　　【解析】根據(jù)第八段內(nèi)容“EI Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February.”可知，EI Nino需要大約8個(gè)月達(dá)到峰值，所以選A。

　　22 A special institute has been set up in America to study E1 Nino.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Not mentioned

　　參考答案：C

　　參考解析：

　　【解析】根據(jù)文中內(nèi)容可知，文章中根本就沒有提到“在美國建立一所特別的研究院”，所以選C。

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