2014職稱英語考試(理工類)完形填空專練2
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Sharks Perform a Service for Earth's Waters
It is hard to get people to think of sharks as anything but a deadly enemy1: They are thought to____1____people frequently. But these fish2 perform a____2____service for earth's waters and for human beings. Yet business and sport fishing3 are threatening their____3____. Some sharks are at risk of disappearing from____4____.
Warm weather may influence both fish and shark activity. Many fish swim near coastal areas____5____their warm waters. Experts say sharks may follow the fish into the same areas,____6____people also swim. In fact, most sharks do not purposely charge at or bite humans. They are thought to mistake a person____7____a sea animal, such as a seal or sea lion. That is why people should not swim in the ocean when the sun goes down or comes up. Those are the____8____when sharks are looking for food. Experts also say that bright colors and shiny jewelry may cause sharks to attack.
A shark has an extremely good sense of smell4. It can find small amounts of substances in water, such as blood, body liquids and____9____produced by animals. These powerful ____10____help sharks find their food. Sharks eat fish, any____11____sharks, and plants that live in the ocean.
Medical researchers want to learn more about the shark's body defense and immune____12____against disease. Researchers know that sharks____13____quickly from injuries. They study the shark in hopes of finding a way to fight human disease.
Sharks are important for the world's____14____, They eat injured and diseased fish. Their hunting activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too____15____. This protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans.
注釋:
1.It is hard to get people to think of sharks as anything but a deadly enemy:要讓人們相信鯊魚不是(人類的)死敵不是一件容易的事。anything but意為“決不,遠(yuǎn)非”,如:His performance in London is anything but a success.(她在倫敦的演出完全不成功。)
2.these fish:這些魚(指鯊魚)。Fish單復(fù)數(shù)同形,如:one fish, two fish, many fish(見第二段第一句)。
3.sport fishing:捕魚運(yùn)動
4.sense of smell:嗅覺
練習(xí):
1.A attack B meet C love D visit
2.A terrible B eatable C valuable D possible
3.A source B existence C friends D fish
4.A Space B Sky C Land D Earth
5.A because B since C because of D by reason that
6.A whose B which C that D where
7.A to B for C like D with
8.A times B places C seas D oceans
9.A sciences B mathematics C chemicals D physics
10.A feelings B senses C touches D tastes
11.A those B these C another D other
12.A systems B processes C ideas D circles
13.A recover B reform C return D rely
14.A rivers B oceans C forests D mountains
15.A weak B little C few D great
答案與題解:
1.A 本題應(yīng)選擇attack,因?yàn)榈谝痪湔f到:人們認(rèn)為鯊魚是a deadly enemy,也就是說鯊魚會對人類造成傷害。第二句是對deadly enemy的具體說明。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)meet, love, visit都不合適,love與上下文意思相反,meet和visit與上下文意思不符。
2.C 空格2所在的句子由but連接,所以該句表達(dá)的意思一定與第二句相反。第二句對鯊魚的評價(jià)是負(fù)面的,填入空格2的詞應(yīng)該是正面的。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有valuable符合這一條件,所以是答案。
3.B 第三句說到鯊魚有益于“waters and human beings”,第五句又說到鯊魚瀕臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)上下文的意思,threatening(威脅)到它們的應(yīng)該是existence(生存)。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)source, friends, fish都不合適,與上下文意思沒有聯(lián)系。
4.D 如果鯊魚消失,從什么地方消失呢?當(dāng)然從earth(地球)上消失。從space(宇宙空間)、sky(天空)中消失,或從land(陸地)上消失,都有悖常理。
5.C 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思都是“因?yàn)椤?,但是從用法上分析,because, since和by reason that之后要接句子,because of之后接名詞或名詞短語。their warm waters是名詞短語,所以要選用because of。
6.D “… people also swim”明顯是定語從句,其先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞area,所以要選關(guān)系副詞where。
7.B 從上下文判斷,本句的意思是:鯊魚將人錯(cuò)認(rèn)為是海洋動物。而“將……錯(cuò)認(rèn)為是”的英語表達(dá)是mistake ... for,所以本題的答案是選項(xiàng)B。
8.A 本段的意思是:鯊魚并非故意襲擊人類。人們認(rèn)為,由于鯊魚將人錯(cuò)認(rèn)為是海獅等海洋動物,在饑餓時(shí)才襲擊人類。日出和日落時(shí),正是鯊魚饑腸轆轆的時(shí)候,人們不應(yīng)該出海游泳。空格8填入的詞應(yīng)該與時(shí)間有關(guān),所以times是答案,而與地點(diǎn)有關(guān)的選項(xiàng)(places, seas和oceans)與上下文意思脫節(jié)。
9.C 本段第一、二句是說,鯊魚的嗅覺特別靈敏,能嗅到海水中存在的極為微量的氣味。作者舉了三個(gè)物質(zhì):血、體液和化學(xué)品??崭?要填入表示物質(zhì)的名詞。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中唯一表達(dá)物質(zhì)的詞是chemicals(化學(xué)品)。所以chemicals是答案,而其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)與學(xué)科有關(guān),脫離了上下文的意思,不是本題的答案。
10.B 在第一、二句意思的基礎(chǔ)上,作者進(jìn)一步說明,靈敏的嗅覺有助于鯊魚找到食物。所以本題的答案是senses,因?yàn)閒eelings, touches和tastes都與smells無關(guān)。
11.D 本句的中心詞是復(fù)數(shù)的sharks, another所修飾的名詞一般是單數(shù),所以不會是答案。these和those是表特指的代詞,指代前面出現(xiàn)過的名詞。由于前面沒有先行詞,所以也不可能是答案。剩下的other是答案,any other sharks的說法也合乎英語的用法。
12.A 從上下文判斷,醫(yī)學(xué)研究人員想要更多了解的是“身體抗病system(系統(tǒng))”,不會是“身體抗病idea(思想)”、“身體抗病work(工作)”或“身體抗病circle(周期)”。
13.A 本段最后一句的意思是:醫(yī)學(xué)研究人員研究鯊魚的目的是為了找到一種人類抗病的方法。所以,空格13所在句子的意思應(yīng)該是recover(quickly from injuries)??茖W(xué)家想要探索的應(yīng)該是有關(guān)受傷繁備recover quickly from injuries的秘密,而reform(改造)、retum(回歸)和rely(依靠)只是與答案recover在詞形上有點(diǎn)相似而已,其意思與上下文的意思風(fēng)馬牛不相及。
14.B 從上下文判斷,鯊魚的存在能使oceans得益。鯊魚不生活在rivers, forests或mountains中,所以這三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不會是答案。
15.D 本段其余三句都是說明為什么鯊魚有益于海洋。它們吃海洋動物,結(jié)果使得海洋中的動物數(shù)量不會過多。weak, little, few都與上面表達(dá)的意思相反,所以只有g(shù)reat是答案。
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