2014年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類(lèi)B級(jí)沖刺練習(xí)題三

　　第一部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)

　　下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線(xiàn)，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與劃線(xiàn)部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。答案一律涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

　　1 Apple trees need moisture in order to thrive.

　　A flower

　　B flourish

　　C pollinate

　　D bend

　　2 Europeans established permanent colonies on the eastern shores of what is now the United States throughout the seventeenth century.

　　A during

　　B before

　　C up until

　　D just after

　　3 In the Mesozoic period, the upward thrust of great rock masses created the Rocky Mountains and the Alps.

　　A collision

　　B angle

　　C push

　　D erosion

　　4 Many factory workers find their jobs tiresome.

　　A difficult

　　B pointless

　　C profitable

　　D boring

　　5 The ambassador was given the book as a token of the government's regard for him.

　　A an estimation

　　B a share

　　C a memento

　　D a preview

　　6 The witch hazel plants tolerate poor soil, dust and limited sun.

　　A suffer from

　　B survive in

　　C thrive in

　　D die from

　　7 A series of rifle shots disturbed the tranquility of the camp grounds.

　　A solidarity

　　B peacefulness

　　C equanimity

　　D propinquity

　　8 Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in the atmosphere, thus forming smog.

　　A caught

　　B burned

　　C dirtied

　　D covered

　　9 Every year each household in the United States discards approximately a ton of trash.

　　A filler

　　B garbage

　　C paper

　　D fuel

　　10 The rainfall of the Hawaiian Islands varies tremendously according to their topography and orientation to the prevailing winds.

　　A seasonably

　　B surprisingly

　　C greatly

　　D inversely

　　11 Fine freshwater pearls are found in the main stream and the tributaries of the Mississippi River.

　　A banks

　　B deltas

　　C branches

　　D currents

　　12 The flower bud of a water lily opens at sunset since its opening is triggered by the decreased light.

　　A alleviated

　　B endured

　　C set off

　　D covered up

　　13 Tryouts for community orchestras are frequently judged by committees.

　　A Advertisements

　　B Auditions

　　C Performances

　　D Novelties

　　14 A turbulent storm was a major factor in the defeat of the Spanish Armada.

　　A noxious

　　B violent

　　C mysterious

　　D pathetic

　　15 Light rays are turned aside by the intense gravitational field surrounding a black hole.

　　A heightened

　　B deflected

　　C rotated

　　D created

　　第2部分：閱讀判斷。閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把A涂黑;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把B涂黑;如果該句的信息文章中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把C涂黑。

　　Health Cars In the US

　　Health care in the US is well-known but very expensive. Paying the doctor's bill after a major illness or accident can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars.

　　In the US, a person's company, not the government, pays for health insurance.

　　Employers have contracts with insurance companies, which pay for all or part of employees' doctors' bills.

　　The amount that the insurance company will pay out to a patient differs wildly. It all depends on what insurance the employer pays. The less the boss pays to the insurance company, the more the employee has to pay the hospital each time he or she gets sick. In 2004, the average worker paid an extra US$558 a year, according to a San Francisco report.

　　The system also means many Americans fall through the cracks (遭遺漏). In 2004, only 61 per cent of the population received health insurance through their employers, according to the report. The unemployed, self-employed, part-time workers and graduated students with no jobs were not included.

　　Most US university students have a gap between their last day of school and their first day on the job. Often, they are no longer protected by their parents' insurance because they are now considered independent adults. They also cannot buy university health insurance because they are no longer students.

　　Another group that falls through the gap of the US system is international students. All are required to have health insurance and cannot begin their classes without it. But exact policies (保險(xiǎn)單) differ from school to school.

　　Most universities work with health insurance companies and sell their own standard plan for students Often, buying the school plan is required, but luckily it's also cheaper than buying direct from the insurance company.

　　16　In the US, a person's company buys him or her health insurance.

　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned

　　17　All employees in the US have the same kind of health insurance.

　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned

　　18　In 2004, most of the unemployed in the US were women.

　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned

　　19　In the US, graduated students with no jobs can buy university health insurance.

　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned

　　20　All international students in the US have to buy health insurance.

　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned

　　21　The international students in the US work harder than the American students.

　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned

　　22　The health care system in the US takes care of everyone in the country.

　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned

　　第3部分：概括大意與完成句子。閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2～5段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題;(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上.

　　ZYBAN Tablets(藥片)

　　1　ZYBAN is a prescription (處方) medicine to help people quit smoking. Studies have shown that more than one third of people quit smoking for at least one month while taking ZYBAN. For many patients, ZYBAN reduces withdrawal symptoms (脫癮過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的癥狀) and the strong wish to smoke.

　　2　ZYBAN should be taken as directed by your doctor. The usual recommended dosing(劑量) is to take one 150-mg tablet in the morning for the first 3 days. On the fourth day, begin taking one 150-mg tablet in the morning and one 150-mg tablet in the early evening. Doses should be taken at least 8 hours apart.

　　3　For most patients, treatment will last 7 to 12 weeks. Because results vary, it may take longer for some people, Possibly up to 6 months depending on the individual. If you've been smoking for a long time, ZYBAN will help to reduce withdrawal symptoms. It's important to remain on ZYBAN for at least 7 to 12 weeks in order to quit for good. Your doctor should determine when to stop taking ZYBAN

　　4　It takes about 1 week for ZYBAN to reach the right levels in your body to be effective So, to increase your chance of quitting as much as possible, you should not stop smoking until you have been taking ZYBAN for 1 week. You should set a date to stop smoking during the second week you're taking ZYBAN.

　　5　The side effects (副作用) associated with ZYBAN are generally mild and often disappear after a few weeks. The most common side effects are dry mouth and difficulty in sleeping. If you have difficulty sleeping, avoid taking your medicine too close to bedtime

　　1　Paragraph 2 ______________.

　　2　Paragraph 3 ______________.

　　3　Paragraph 4 ______________.

　　4　Paragraph 5 ______________.

　　A　How should I take ZYBAN?

　　B　What is ZYBAN?

　　C　What are the side effects of taking ZYBAN?

　　D　Who invented ZYBAN?

　　E　How long should I take ZYBAN?

　　F　How long does it take for ZYBAN to work?

　　5　For the first 3 days, ZYBAN should be taken ______________.

　　6　To quit smoking for good, you should take ZYBAN for ______________.

　　7　The time it takes for ZYBAN to be effective is ______________.

　　8　The side effects of taking ZYBAN often go away ______________.

　　A　only once a day

　　B　around 8 hours

　　C　at least 7 to 12 weeks

　　D　on the fourth day

　　E　about 1 week

　　F　after a few weeks

　　第4部分：閱讀理解。下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面都有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問(wèn)題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

　　Happy Therapy (診療)

　　Norman Cousins was a businessman from the United States who often traveled around the world on business. He enjoyed his work and traveling.

　　Then, after returning to tile United States from a busy and tiring trip to Russia, Mr. Cousins got sick. Because he had pushed his body to the limit of its strength on the trip, a chemical change began to take place inside him. The material between his bones became weak.

　　In less than one week after his return, he could not stand. Every move that he made was painful. He was not able to sleep at night.

　　The doctors told Mr. Cousins that they did not know how to cure his problems and he might never get over the illness. Mr. Cousins, however, refused to give up hope.

　　Mr. Cousins thought that unhappy thoughts were causing bad chemical changes in his body. He did not want to take medicine to cure himself. Instead, he felt that happy thoughts or laughter might cure his illness.

　　He began to experiment on himself while still in the hospital by watching funny shows on television. Mr. Cousins quickly found that ten minutes of real laughter during the day gave him two hours of pain-free sleep at night.

　　Deciding that the doctors could not help him, Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he could continue his experiments with laughter. For eight days, Mr. Cousins rested in the hotel room watching funny shows on television, reading funny books, and sleeping whenever he felt tired. Within three weeks, he felt well enough to take a vacation to Puerto Rico where he began running on the beach for exercise.

　　After a few months, Mr. Cousins returned to work He had laughed himself back to health.

　　1　Mr. Cousins got sick after returning from__________.

　　A　a busy trip to the US.

　　B　a tiring trip to Russia.

　　C　a trip around the world.

　　D　a trip to Puerto Rico.

　　2　How did the doctors respond to Mr. Cousins' illness?

　　A　They promised to cure him.

　　B　They didn't think he was really sick.

　　C　They told him not to give up hope.

　　D　They said they were unable to help him in any way.

　　3　Mr. Cousins attributed the bad chemical changes in his body to__________.

　　A　unhappy thoughts.

　　B　a severe illness.

　　C　weak bones.

　　D　too much sleep.

　　4　What didn't Mr. Cousins do in his experiments with laughter?

　　A　Watch funny TV shows.

　　B　Read funny books.

　　C　Sleep whenever he felt tired.

　　D　Take medicine.

　　5　Mr. Cousins cured his own illness__________.

　　A　by laughing at others.

　　B　by acting in funny shows.

　　C　by taking a happy therapy.

　　D　by writing funny stories.

　　36 Double taxation, according to the second paragraph, includes__________.

　　A personal income taxes by shareholders and dividends paid by the company

　　B personal income taxes paid by the company on dividends and on its profits

　　C taxes paid on the profits of the company and those on personal income

　　D taxes paid on dividends by shareholders and those paid by the company on its profits

　　37 Capital gain is from__________.

　　A increased value of stock sold six months after it is bought

　　B increased value of stock sold less than six months after its purchase

　　C stock owned for less than six months

　　D stock purchased at a lower price

　　38 According to the writer, why is the complaint of some businessmen of high corporate taxes can be justified?__________

　　A Developed countries have lower corporate taxes.

　　B Fast growing industrial nations have far lower corporate income taxes.

　　C High corporate income taxes prevent businesses from growing.

　　D Low corporate income taxes prevent businesses from growing.

　　39 The new rates are more progressive in the sense that__________.

　　A the tax is new and modern

　　B the rate of tax is higher on larger amount of money

　　C the tax is developing gradually

　　D the rate of tax is getting higher and higher

　　40 If the incidence of the tax is on the customer,__________.

　　A prices will go down

　　B there will be stiff competition

　　C sales will be reduced

　　D the customer will be benefited

　　41 The author mentions "pick-me-up" to indicate that__________.

　　A melatioin levels need to be raised

　　B neurohormone can wake us up

　　C coffee is a stimulant

　　D decal is a caffeinated coffee

　　42 Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?__________

　　A Caffeine blocks production of the enzyme that stops melationin production.

　　B Caffeine interrupts the flow of the hormone that prevents people from sleeping.

　　C Caffeine halves the body's levels of sleep hormone.

　　D Caffeine stays in the body for many hours.

　　43 What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss?__________

　　A Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decal on sleep.

　　B Different findings of Lotan Shiloh and a team about caffeine.

　　C The fact that the subjects slept 415 minutes per night after drinking decal.

　　D The evidence that the subjects took half an hour to fall asleep.

　　44 What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove?__________

　　A There are more enzymes in decal drinkers' urine sample.

　　B there are more melatonin concentrations in caffeine drinkers' urine sample.

　　C Decal drinkers produce less melationin.

　　D Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone.

　　45 The author of this passage probably agrees that__________.

　　A coffee lovers sleep less than those who do not drink coffee

　　B we should not drink coffee after supper

　　C people sleep more soundly at midnight than at 3 a. m.

　　D if we feel sleepy at night, we should go to bed immediately

　　第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文。閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

　　How Did She Conquer the Americans?

　　African-American talk show queen Oprah Winfrey is the world's most powerful celebrity, according to Forbes magazine. ______________(1)

　　Winfrey, 51, draws 30 million viewers weekly in the United States. Her talk show reaches 112 countries. She earned US$225 million over the past 12 months to rank second in celebrity riches.

　　The annual Forbes list gives most weight to annual earnings. ______________(2)

　　"After 21 years, her exciting chat show still rules the airwaves. It created new celebrities and hundreds of millions of dollars in profits," the magazine said.

　　Winfrey is most popular with her popular talk show "The Oprah Winfrey Show". She can always attract the superstars and let them open up to her intimate interviewing style.

　　Last month, American actor Tom Cruise, 42, surprised fans when he celebrated his new romance with 26-year-old actress Katie Holmes. He jumped up and down, shouting "I'm in love." Only a few years ago, Cruise and his ex-wife Nicole Kidman appeared separately on the same show telling the news of their divorce. ______________(3)

　　Winfrey's approach appears to be simple. She is in pursuit of self-improvement and self-empowerment (自強(qiáng)). This has proved to be just what people, especially women, want.

　　Winfrey often talks about her personal secrets on her show. That pulls in viewers. For example, she revealed that she had been sexually abused as a child, and has spoken freely of her struggle with her weight.

　　Winfrey was born to a poor family in Mississippi in 1954. ______________(4) At the age of 19, she became the youngest person and the first African-American woman to anchor (主持) a news programme.

　　Her success has not just been on the screen. Her media group includes a women's TV network and websites for women.

　　Winfrey's work has extended to social change. ______________(5)

　　She testified before the US Senate to establish a national database of dangerous child abusers. President Bill Clinton later signed "Oprah Bill" into law.

　　A　But it also looks at the celebrity's presence on the Internet and in the media.

　　B　In 1991, she did a lot of work for the National Child Protection Act.

　　C　She was not a very successful woman.

　　D　She began broadcasting while still at high school.

　　E　It placed Winfrey at the top of its annual ranking of the 100 people last week.

　　F　The couple had been tight-lipped about their break-up.

　　第6部分：完形填空。閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

　　Active in Old Age Keeps People Mobile

　　People over 70 who aren't active are more likely to develop problems walking or climbing stairs within a few years, according to a new study.

　　These findings suggest that it's very important to stay _____(51) in old age, study author Dr. Marjolein Visser told Reuters Health.

　　"Physical activity in old age is as important _____(52) taking your medications(藥物)," Visser noted. "You do not need to join an expensive, fancy sports club with high-tech (高科技的) equipment. Your body will already _____(53) from regular walking."

　　Visser, a Dutch (荷蘭的) scholar, explained that _____(54) active helps prevent people from becoming breathless during simple activities, increase muscle mass and strength, and maintain the balance people need to walk up stairs, for instance.

　　To investigate how important exercise is to older adults, Visser's team interviewed 3,075 men and _____(55) between the ages of 70 and 79, all of whom said they had no problems walking one-quarter of a mile or climbing _____(56). The investigators followed the subjects for 4-1/2 years, noting who developed problems _____(57) and climbing stairs.

　　During the study, 34 percent of men and 47 _____(58) of women said they began to struggle with walking and climbing stairs. People _____(59) were inactive were twice as likely to report these problems as people who said they got regular exercise.

　　People who didn't exercise but had active lifestyles appeared to be at a somewhat higher risk of developing _____(60) walking and climbing stairs, relative to people who exercised _____(61). Still, leading an active lifestyle appeared to protect people _____(62) problems better than being generally inactive, the researchers report in the Journal of the American Geriatrics (老年醫(yī)學(xué)) Society.

　　Among people who were inactive, _____(63) who walked even a little bit such as brisk (輕快的) walking for a little over an hour per week - were at a lower _____(64) of mobility (可動(dòng)性) problems.

　　"If you do not like to exercise or you cannot exercise _____(65) of serious health problems or functional limitations, do try to be as active as possible, " Visser advised.

　　51 A young B new C still D active

　　52 A than B so C as D to

　　53 A suffer B benefit C result D start

　　54 A looking B appearing C seeming D staying

　　55 A children B people C women D youths

　　56 A mountains B stairs C trees D walls

　　57 A jumping B walking C running D jogging

　　58 A percent B numbers C hundreds D dozens

　　59 A which B whom C those D who

　　60 A symptoms B issues C problems D chances

　　61 A rarely B openly C exactly D regularly

　　62 A from B into C on D of

　　63 A these B that C few D those

　　64 A risk B part C way D share

　　65 A since B owing C because D due

　　詞匯選項(xiàng)

　　1 B 2 A 3 C 4 D 5C 6B 7B 8 A 9 B 10 C 11 C 12 C 13 B 14 B 15 B

　　閱讀判斷

　　16. A　 17. B　 18. C　 19. B　 20. A

　　21. C　 22. B

　　概括大意

　　23. A　 24. E　 25. F　 26. C　 27. A

　　28. C　 29. E　 30. F

　　閱讀理解

　　31. B　 32. D　 33. A　 34. D　 35. C

　　36 D double taxation按第二段第一句所說(shuō)，指由公司付的企業(yè)所得稅，以及由每個(gè)股東在公司分配了紅利后所付的個(gè)人所得稅。C是錯(cuò)誤答案，因?yàn)榛卮鸩粔蛉�面�?/P>

　　37 A 答案在第二段的第五句：購(gòu)進(jìn)六個(gè)月后售出的股票增值所得款被認(rèn)為是資本收入。該段的最后兩句對(duì)capital gain這一概念做進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。

　　38 C 作者認(rèn)為，許多工商業(yè)者的抱怨不無(wú)正當(dāng)理由，因?yàn)�，過(guò)高的企業(yè)所得稅妨礙了他們?cè)偻顿Y的機(jī)會(huì)，進(jìn)而阻止了公司的發(fā)展和現(xiàn)代化。A和B是錯(cuò)誤選擇，因?yàn)椋�雖然美國(guó)的企業(yè)所得稅較高，但是它仍屬發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)和工業(yè)國(guó)。

　　39 B progressive是一詞多意，它有new and modern之意，也有developing gradually之意，但在本文中意為：累進(jìn)的。

　　40 C 文章的最后幾句說(shuō)，這種稅往往落在極具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的工商企業(yè)股東身上，因?yàn)槿甾D(zhuǎn)向顧客征稅，將使價(jià)格上浮，銷(xiāo)售量下降。因此，只有C是正確答案。原文中cut down的意思是：削減。

　　41 C pick-me-up指提神飲料，也就是一種刺激物，在這篇文章里具體指咖啡。所以，答案應(yīng)選C。

　　42 C 第二段的第三個(gè)句子談到，“控制我們睡眠的是神經(jīng)激素”，而這一段的最后一個(gè)句子告訴我們“含咖啡因咖啡能使這種睡眠激素減半”。這正是咖啡因影響睡眠的原理。

　　43 A 第三段涉及的是一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是測(cè)試含咖啡因咖啡和脫咖啡因咖啡對(duì)睡眠的影響，該段主要談?wù)摰氖沁@個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果。

　　44 D 第四段是第三段實(shí)驗(yàn)的繼續(xù)，是該實(shí)驗(yàn)的第二個(gè)階段。研究人員通過(guò)對(duì)志愿者的尿進(jìn)行化驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，咖啡因攝入者體內(nèi)的褪黑激素僅為非咖啡因攝人者的一半。褪黑激素就是睡眠激素，所以答案應(yīng)該選D。

　　45 B 文章的結(jié)尾談到，“Ohayon建議愛(ài)喝咖啡的人午飯后應(yīng)該換喝脫咖啡因咖啡”。另外，整個(gè)文章都在探討咖啡因影響睡眠的機(jī)理，所以，作者大概會(huì)同意“晚飯后不應(yīng)該喝咖啡”的說(shuō)法。選項(xiàng)A是一個(gè)全稱(chēng)判斷，這等于說(shuō)“所有喜歡喝嚦嚦的人都比不喝咖啡的人睡覺(jué)少”。這不一定，因?yàn)槿绻�咖啡適量，喝咖啡的時(shí)間適當(dāng)，咖啡不會(huì)影響睡眠。所以，作者可能不會(huì)同意這種說(shuō)法。根據(jù)文章第二段第二個(gè)句子，選項(xiàng)C是錯(cuò)的。根據(jù)文章第二段的第一個(gè)句子，我們體內(nèi)褪黑激素(睡眠激素)的深度在我們上床時(shí)間前兩個(gè)小時(shí)開(kāi)始上升，而這個(gè)時(shí)候我們會(huì)開(kāi)始有困意。反過(guò)來(lái)說(shuō)就是，人們并非一有困意就睡覺(jué)。所以，選項(xiàng)D不是答案。

　　補(bǔ)全短文

　　46. E　 47. A　 48. F　 49. D　 50. B

　　完形填空

　　51. D　 52. C　 53. B　 54. D　 55. C

　　56. B　 57. B　 58. A　 59. D　 60. C

　　61. D　 62. A　 63. D　 64. A　 65. C

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