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绋呮敹寰佺娉曚綔鐐鸿(di脿o)鏁寸▍鏀跺緛绱嶈鐐虹殑閲嶈鍩虹(ch菙)娉曞緥锛屾槸鐧�(f膩)鎻▍鏀惰伔鑳戒綔鐢ㄧ殑閲嶈娉曞埗淇濋殰?锛孎(xi脿n)琛岀▍鏀跺緛绠℃硶浜�1993骞村鏂�锛�2001骞村叏闈慨瑷傦紝2013骞淬€�2015骞撮厤鍚堝晢浜嬪埗搴︽敼闈╁皪鍊嬪垾姊濇枃閫茶浜嗕慨姝�锛屽皪鍔犲挤绋呮敹寰佹敹绠＄悊銆佷繚闅滃湅瀹剁▍鏀舵敹鍏�銆佺董璀风磵绋呬汉鍚堟硶娆�(qu谩n)鐩娿€佷績閫茬稉(j墨ng)婵熷拰绀炬渻鐧�(f膩)灞曠櫦(f膩)鎻簡绌嶆サ浣滅敤銆�

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1.绲�(t菕ng)涓€瑕�(gu墨)鑼冪▍鏀跺煼(zh铆)娉�锛岃(gu墨)瀹氬湅鍕�(w霉)闄㈢▍鍕�(w霉)涓荤閮ㄩ杸鎳�(y墨ng)鐣朵緷娉曞姞寮峰崁(q奴)鍩熼枔绋呮敹鍩�(zh铆)娉曠殑绲�(t菕ng)涓€鎬у拰瑕�(gu墨)鑼冩€э紝鎺ㄩ€插毚鏍艰(gu墨)鑼冨叕姝ｆ枃鏄庡煼(zh铆)娉�锛屾槑纰虹▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)渚濇硶鏌ヨ檿绋呮敹閬曟硶琛岀偤瑕佹眰銆�(绗簲姊�銆佺鍗佷笁姊�)

2.渚濇硶淇濋殰蹇呰娑夌▍淇℃伅鐛插彇锛屽缓绔嬪湅鍕�(w霉)闄㈤儴闁€闁撴秹绋呬俊鎭煡瑭㈡鍒�锛屽悓鏅傛槑纰虹▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)灏嶇嵅鍙栦俊鎭殑淇濆瘑缇╁嫏(w霉)銆�(绗叚姊�)

3.灏嶅缓绔嬪仴鍏ㄧ▍鏀惰獱淇￠珨绯�锛屼績閫茬▍娉曢伒寰�锛岀偤瑾犲瀹堜俊绱嶇▍浜虹郸浜堣睛绋呬究鍒╃瓑鏂归潰鎻愬嚭瑕佹眰銆�(绗竷姊�)

4.灏嶇▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)绌嶆サ閬嬬敤鐝�(xi脿n)浠ｄ俊鎭妧琛�(sh霉)锛岀偤绱嶇▍浜烘彁渚涗究鎹疯睛绋呮柟寮忔彁鍑鸿姹傘€�(绗叓姊�)

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2.闉忓浐鍟嗕簨鐧昏鍒跺害鏀归潻鎴愭灉锛屽劒(y艒u)鍖栫▍鍕�(w霉)鐧昏杈︾悊绋嬪簭锛岀磵绋呬汉杈︾悊瑷�(sh猫)绔嬬櫥瑷樺悗锛岀劇闇€鍙﹁杈︾悊绋呭嫏(w霉)鐧昏;鐧昏姗熼棞(gu膩n)鎳�(y墨ng)鐣跺憡鐭ョ磵绋呬汉渚濇硶濡傚杈︾悊绱嶇▍鐢冲牨缇╁嫏(w霉)锛屽苟灏囪睛鐞嗚ō(sh猫)绔�銆佽畩鏇淬€佹敞閵�銆佸悐閵枫€佹挙閵风瓑淇℃伅鑸囩▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)瀵︽檪鍏变韩;绋呭嫏(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)鑸囨湁闂�(gu膩n)閮ㄩ杸瀵︽檪鍏变韩鑳藉鍙栧緱鐨勮硣鏂�銆佷俊鎭�锛屼笉寰楄姹傜磵绋呬汉銆佹墸绻崇京鍕�(w霉)浜洪噸寰�(f霉)鎻愪緵銆�(绗崄鍏銆佺浜屽崄姊�)

3.閬╂噳(y墨ng)鍏ㄩ潰鏁�(sh霉)瀛楀寲闆诲瓙鐧�(f膩)绁ㄦ敼闈�锛屾槑纰虹鍚堝湅瀹舵湁闂�(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱殑闆诲瓙鎲戣瓑锛屽彲浠ヤ綔鐐鸿璩�銆佹牳绠楀拰瑷堢畻鎳�(y墨ng)绱嶇▍椤嶇殑渚濇摎(j霉);绱嶇▍浜�銆佹墸绻崇京鍕�(w霉)浜烘寜瑕�(gu墨)瀹氬牨閫佺殑闆诲瓙璩囨枡锛岃垏绱欒唱(zh矛)璩囨枡鍏锋湁鍚岀瓑娉曞緥鏁堝姏銆�(绗簩鍗佷笁姊�銆佺涓夊崄姊�)

4.鍋ュ叏骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)婵熷父鎱�(t脿i)鍖栫洠(ji膩n)绠″埗搴�锛岃(gu墨)瀹氶浕瀛愬晢鍕�(w霉)骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€�銆佸叾浠栫恫(w菐ng)绲�(lu貌)浜ゆ槗骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€呮噳(y墨ng)鐣舵寜瑕�(gu墨)瀹氬牨閫佸钩鑷哄収(n猫i)缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€�銆佸緸妤�(y猫)浜哄摗鐨勮韩浠戒俊鎭拰鑸囩磵绋呮湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勪俊鎭�锛屾寜瑕�(gu墨)瀹氳睛鐞嗗叾绱嶇▍鐢冲牨绛夌浉闂�(gu膩n)娑夌▍浜嬪疁銆�(绗簩鍗佷節姊�)

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1.鑸囬爯(y霉)绠楁硶閵滄帴锛岃(gu墨)瀹氬湴鏂瑰悇绱氫汉姘戞斂搴�銆佸悇绱氫汉姘戞斂搴滅浉闂�(gu膩n)閮ㄩ杸銆佸柈浣嶅拰鍊嬩汉涓嶅緱鍚戠▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)涓嬮仈绋呮敹鏀跺叆鎸囨銆�(绗笁鍗佸叚姊�)

2.灏嶇▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)閬嬬敤娑夌▍澶ф暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)閫茶棰ㄩ毆鍒嗘瀽锛岃⿻浼版噳(y墨ng)绱嶇▍椤�锛屽鏂芥噳(y墨ng)灏嶆帾鏂介€茶鏄庣⒑鍜岃(gu墨)鑼冦€�(绗笁鍗佸叓姊�)

3.瑕�(gu墨)鑼冩牳瀹氬緛鏀�锛屾槑纰虹▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)鎳�(y墨ng)鐣跺紩灏�(d菐o)绱嶇▍浜轰緷娉曞缓璩牳绠�锛屽缓绔嬪叏鍦嬬当(t菕ng)涓€鐨勬牳瀹氬緛鏀跺埗搴�銆�(绗笁鍗佷節姊�)

4.瑾�(di脿o)鏁撮棞(gu膩n)鑱�(li谩n)浜ゆ槗閬╃敤鑼冨湇锛岀敱浼佹キ(y猫)闁撴摯澶ц嚦浼佹キ(y猫)鑸囦紒妤�(y猫)銆佷紒妤�(y猫)鑸囪嚜鐒朵汉銆佽嚜鐒朵汉鑸囪嚜鐒朵汉涔嬮枔锛屽苟澧炲姞涓€鑸弽閬跨▍姊濇銆�(绗洓鍗佹)

5.鍥犺垏琛屾斂寮峰埗娉曚腑鐨�“婊磵閲�”娉曞緥鎬ц唱(zh矛)涓嶅悓锛屽皣绋呮敹寰佺娉曠殑“婊磵閲�”淇敼鐐�“绋呮閬茬磵閲�”;鏂板涓嶄簣鎴栬€呭厤浜堝姞鏀剁▍娆鹃伈绱嶉噾鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�銆�(绗洓鍗佷竴姊濄€佺鍥涘崄浜屾)

6.閬╂噳(y墨ng)鏂板舰鍕㈡柊璁婂寲锛屽皣鍖鍜岄潪閵€琛屾敮浠樻妲�(g貌u)鏀粯璩埗浣欓绱嶅叆琛屾斂寮峰埗鑼冨湇;鏄庣⒑鍙互灏嶆瑺绋呰嚜鐒朵汉璨＄敘(ch菐n)瀵︽柦琛屾斂寮峰埗锛屼絾闇€灞ヨ鏇寸偤鍤存牸鐨勫鎵圭▼搴�锛屽悓鏅傝(gu墨)瀹氱▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)灏嶅€嬩汉瀵︽柦琛屾斂寮峰埗锛屼笉寰楅€插叆鍊嬩汉浣忓畢銆�(绗洓鍗佷笁姊�銆佺鍥涘崄浜旀銆佺鍥涘崄涔濇)

7.鐐轰繚闅滃湅瀹剁▍鏀跺畨鍏�锛屽皣娆犵▍绱嶇▍浜虹殑涓昏璨犺铂浜恒€佸闅涙帶鍒朵汉绱嶅叆闃绘鍑哄鐨勯仼鐢ㄨ寖鍦�;瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱壒瀹氭儏褰笅锛岀▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)鍙互鍚戝嚭璩囦汉杩界钩绱嶇▍浜烘瑺绻崇殑绋呮銆佺▍娆鹃伈绱嶉噾;鏄庣⒑绋呭嫏(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)涓嶄簣閫€閭勭磵绋呬汉鐐虹嵅鍙栬瀺璩�銆佸叕鍙镐笂甯�銆佸鍔犳キ(y猫)绺俱€佸彇寰楄硣鏍艰硣璩�(zh矛)绛夌洰鐨勮€屽鐢冲牨绻崇磵鐨勭▍娆�銆�(绗簲鍗佷竴姊�銆佺浜斿崄鍏銆佺浜斿崄涔濇)

8.鑸囨皯娉曞吀銆佷紒妤�(y猫)鐮寸敘(ch菐n)娉曢姕鎺ワ紝瀹屽杽绋呮敹鍎�(y艒u)鍏堟瑠(qu谩n)姊濇锛屽埅闄ょ▍鏀跺劒(y艒u)鍏堜簬鐣欑疆娆�(qu谩n)鐨勮(gu墨)瀹�锛屽悓鏅傛槑纰轰紒妤�(y猫)閫插叆鐮寸敘(ch菐n)绋嬪簭鍚庯紝绋呮敹鍌垫瑠(qu谩n)鎸夌収浼佹キ(y猫)鐮寸敘(ch菐n)娉曟湁闂�(gu膩n)瑕�(gu墨)瀹氬彈鍎�銆�(绗簲鍗佷簩姊�)

(鍥�)闂�(gu膩n)浜庣▍鍕�(w霉)妾㈡煡

1.瀹屽杽绋呭嫏(w霉)妾㈡煡鎺柦锛屾槑纰虹▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)鍙互鏍告煡绱嶇▍浜虹殑鏀粯鏂圭浉闂�(gu膩n)璩翱銆佽硣鏂�锛岄€氱煡骞宠嚭缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€�銆侀浕瀛愭敮浠樻湇鍕�(w霉)鎻愪緵鑰呮彁渚涜垏绱嶇▍鐩搁棞(gu膩n)鎯呮硜锛屽京(f霉)鍒剁磵绋呬汉鐨勮病鐢�(ch菐n)鐧昏淇℃伅鍜岃韩浠戒俊鎭�锛屽悓鏅傚皣绱嶇▍浜虹櫥瑷樻敞鍐婂湴銆佽波鐗╂墭绠¤檿銆佺浉闂�(gu膩n)鐗╂祦浼佹キ(y猫)銆佸尟娆惧拰璀夊埜浜ゆ槗绲�(ji茅)绠楄硣閲戣超鎴�銆侀潪閵€琛屾敮浠樻妲�(g貌u)鐨勬敮浠樿超鎴剁瓑绱嶅叆绋呭嫏(w霉)妾㈡煡鑼冨湇;鏄庣⒑鍏朵粬鐣朵簨浜烘帴鍙楃▍鍕�(w霉)妾㈡煡鐨勭京鍕�(w霉)銆�(绗叚鍗佷簩姊�銆佺鍏崄鍥涙)

2.澧炲姞璀夋摎(j霉)鍏堣鐧昏淇濆瓨鍜岄浕瀛愭暩(sh霉)鎿�(j霉)鍙栬瓑瑕�(gu墨)瀹氾紝瀹屽杽璀夋摎(j霉)璀夋槑妯欐簴锛屽皪绋呭嫏(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)鏀堕泦鐨勮瓑鎿�(j霉)锛岀暥浜嬩汉鏄庣⒑琛ㄧず瑾嶅彲鐨�锛屽彲浠ヨ獚瀹氳┎璀夋摎(j霉)鐨勮瓑鏄庢晥鍔�;鐣朵簨浜哄惁瑾嶇殑锛屾噳(y墨ng)鐣跺厖鍒嗚垑璀夈€�(绗叚鍗佸叚姊�)

3.瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)鏌ヨ檿娑夊珜閲嶅ぇ绋呮敹閬曟硶妗堜欢鏅�锛岀稉(j墨ng)鎵规簴鍙互閫氱煡绉绘皯绠＄悊姗熸(g貌u)闃绘閲嶈娑夋浜哄摗鍑哄銆�(绗叚鍗佸叓姊�)

(浜�)闂�(gu膩n)浜庢硶寰嬭铂浠�

1.鏂板閮ㄥ垎閬曟硶琛岀偤娉曞緥璨换锛屾槑纰虹磵绋呬汉鏈寜鐓ц(gu墨)瀹氭彁渚涜硣鏂欏拰淇℃伅锛屾湭鍫卞憡鍚堝苟銆佸垎绔嬩互鍙婁笉鍕曠敘(ch菐n)鎴栧ぇ椤嶈硣鐢�(ch菐n)铏曞垎锛岄仌鍙嶅鍚嶈睛绋呰(gu墨)瀹�锛屾墸绻崇京鍕�(w霉)浜烘嫆绲曠偤绱嶇▍浜鸿睛鐞嗗皥闋呴檮鍔犳墸闄�锛屼簰鑱�(li谩n)缍�(w菐ng)骞宠嚭浼佹キ(y猫)鏈饱琛屽牨閫佽韩浠戒俊鎭拰鑸囩磵绋呮湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勪俊鎭€佺偤骞宠嚭鍏�(n猫i)缍�(j墨ng)鐕熻€�銆佸緸妤�(y猫)浜哄摗杈︾悊绱嶇▍鐢冲牨缇╁嫏(w霉)锛岄潪閵€琛屾敮浠樻妲�(g貌u)涓嶅饱琛岀京鍕�(w霉)灏嶆噳(y墨ng)鐨勬硶寰嬭铂浠�銆�(绗叚鍗佷節姊濄€佺涓冨崄姊�銆佺涓冨崄浜屾銆佺鍏崄鍏)

2.鑸囧垜娉曚慨姝ｆ(涓�)閵滄帴锛屽皣“鍋风▍”淇敼鐐�“閫冪▍”锛屽苟鍒楄垑浜嗚櫅鍋囩磵绋呯敵鍫卞拰涓嶇敵鍫辩殑鍏烽珨鎯呭舰銆�(绗竷鍗佷笁姊�)

3.鏄庣⒑閫冪▍浠ュ鐨勬湭鎸夎(gu墨)瀹氱敵鍫遍€犳垚鏈钩鎴栬€呭皯绻崇▍娆炬噳(y墨ng)鎵挎摂鐨勬硶寰嬭铂浠伙紝骞舵牴鎿�(j霉)鎯呯瘈(ji茅)瑷�(sh猫)缃笉鍚岀殑娉曞緥鍚庢灉锛屽儏灏嶆儏绡€(ji茅)杓冮噸鎴栧毚閲嶇殑鎯呮硜瑷�(sh猫)瀹氫簡铏曠桨銆�(绗竷鍗佸洓姊�)

4.鎻愰珮铏涢枊鐧�(f膩)绁�銆佹悕姣€绋呮帶瑁濈疆绛夐仌娉曡鐐鸿檿缃颁笂闄�锛屽苟鏄庣⒑鐐鸿櫅闁嬬櫦(f膩)绁ㄩ潪娉曟彁渚涘公鍔╂噳(y墨ng)鎵挎摂鐨勬硶寰嬭铂浠汇€�(绗叓鍗佷簩姊�銆佺鍏崄涓夋)

5.澧炲姞鐐虹磵绋呬汉銆佹墸绻崇京鍕�(w霉)浜洪潪娉曟彁渚涙柟渚匡紝鎴栬€呭叡鍚屽鏂界▍鏀堕仌娉曡鐐哄皫(d菐o)鑷寸▍娆炬祦澶辨噳(y墨ng)鎵挎摂鐨勬硶寰嬭铂浠�銆�(绗叓鍗佸洓姊�)

6.灏嶇磵绋呬汉銆佹墸绻崇京鍕�(w霉)浜哄拰鍏朵粬鐣朵簨浜轰富鍕曠尘姝ｇ▍鏀堕仌娉曡鐐烘垨鑰呴厤鍚堢▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)鏌ヨ檿绋呮敹閬曟硶琛岀偤鐨勶紝鍙互瑕栨儏绡€(ji茅)寰炶紩銆佹笡杓曟垨鑰呬笉浜堣鏀胯檿缃般€�(绗叓鍗佷竷姊�)

7.瀹屽杽绋呭嫏(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)渚垫瑠(qu谩n)璩犲劅璨换锛岃(gu墨)瀹氬皪鏌ュ皝銆佹墸鎶煎€嬩汉鍙婂叾鎵€鎵堕(y菐ng)瀹跺爆缍寔鐢熸椿蹇呴渶鐨勪綇鎴垮拰鐢ㄥ搧锛岃嚧浣胯鏀跨浉灏嶄汉鍚堟硶娆�(qu谩n)鐩婇伃鍙楁悕澶辩殑锛屾噳(y墨ng)鐣朵緷娉曟壙鎿旇碃鍎熻铂浠汇€�(绗節鍗佷笁姊�)

8.鍙栨秷琛屾斂寰�(f霉)璀�“娓呯▍鍓嶇疆”鐨勮姹�锛屽皣“娓呯▍鍓嶇疆”瑕佹眰寰炶鏀垮京(f霉)璀拌綁(zhu菐n)绉昏嚦琛屾斂瑷磋锛岀暥浜嬩汉鍚岀▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)鍦ㄧ磵绋呬笂鐧�(f膩)鐢熺埈璀版檪锛屽彲浠ョ洿鎺ョ敵璜嬭鏀垮京(f霉)璀�锛屼笉鍐嶈姹傚厛绻崇磵绋呮鎴栬€呮彁渚涙摂淇濄€�(绗竴鐧鹃浂涓€姊�)

(鍏�)闂�(gu膩n)浜庨檮鍓�

1.瑕�(gu墨)鑼冩秹绋呭皥妤�(y猫)鏈嶅嫏(w霉)姗熸(g貌u)鐧�(f膩)灞�锛屾槑纰哄湅瀹堕紦鍕垫秹绋呭皥妤�(y猫)鏈嶅嫏(w霉)姗熸(g貌u)渚濇硶闁嬪睍绋呭嫏(w霉)浠ｇ悊妤�(y猫)鍕�(w霉)锛岀▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)鎳�(y墨ng)鐣跺姞寮峰皪娑夌▍灏堟キ(y猫)鏈嶅嫏(w霉)姗熸(g貌u)鍜屽€嬩汉寰炰簨娑夌▍灏堟キ(y猫)鏈嶅嫏(w霉)鐨勭洠(ji膩n)绠�銆�(绗竴鐧鹃浂浜屾)

2.瑕�(gu墨)瀹氱▍鍕�(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)渚濈収鏈夐棞(gu膩n)绋呮敹鐨勬绱勩€佸崝(xi茅)瀹氱瓑鎳�(y墨ng)鐣舵敹闆嗙殑淇℃伅锛屾湁闂�(gu膩n)鍠綅鍜屽€嬩汉鎳�(y墨ng)鐣堕厤鍚堟彁渚�;渚濈収姊濈磩銆佸崝(xi茅)瀹氬彇寰楃殑淇℃伅锛岀稉(j墨ng)绋呭嫏(w霉)姗熼棞(gu膩n)瀵╂牳纰鸿獚鍙互浣滅偤纰哄畾绱嶇▍浜烘噳(y墨ng)绱嶇▍椤嶇殑渚濇摎(j霉)銆�(绗竴鐧鹃浂鍥涙銆佺涓€鐧鹃浂浜旀)

姝ゅ锛屻€婂緛姹傛剰瑕嬬ǹ銆嬮倓浣滀簡鍏朵粬鏂囧瓧淇敼銆�

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浠ヤ笂鍍呯偤閮ㄥ垎鍏�(n猫i)瀹癸紝榛炴搳鏌ョ湅瀹屾暣鐗�>>涓彲浜烘皯鍏卞拰鍦嬬▍鏀跺緛鏀剁鐞嗘硶淇▊寰佹眰鎰忚绋胯垏鐝�(xi脿n)琛岀▍鏀跺緛鏀剁鐞嗘硶灏嶆瘮

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