Escape
【課文】
When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed. When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.
【課文翻譯】
那個戰(zhàn)俘殺死衛(wèi)兵以后，迅速地把尸體拖進(jìn)了灌木叢。他在黑暗中忙活了一陣兒，很快就換上了死者的衣服。現(xiàn)在他身穿藍(lán)軍裝，肩扛步槍，在軍營門前大膽地來回走看。他聽得軍營里面的喧鬧聲。那里燈火通明，人們在東奔西跑：他們剛剛發(fā)現(xiàn)有一個俘虜跑了。正在此時，一輛黑色大轎車在軍營門口停了下來。里面坐了4個軍官。軍官們下了車，戰(zhàn)俘立正站好，并在他們從他面前經(jīng)過時敬了禮。他們走后，汽車司機向他走來，這人顯然是想聊天。他上了年紀(jì)，有著灰白的頭發(fā)和明亮的藍(lán)眼睛。戰(zhàn)俘為他感到惋惜，但卻沒有別的選擇。當(dāng)這個人走近時，戰(zhàn)俘一拳把他打倒在地，然后跳進(jìn)車?yán)铮宰羁斓乃俣劝衍囬_走了。
【生詞匯總】
prisoner n. 囚犯
bush n. 灌木叢
rapidly adv. 迅速地
uniform n. 制服
rifle n. 來福槍，步槍
shoulder n. 肩
march v. 行進(jìn)
boldly adv. 大膽地
blaze v. 閃耀
salute v. 行禮
elderly adj. 上了年紀(jì)的
grey adj. 灰白的
sharp adj. 猛烈的
blow n. 打擊
【知識點講解】
1. When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes.
這個句子里he和the prisoner是同一個人，在敘述時為了避免重復(fù)，就將其中一個用代詞表示。
drag、draw和pull都有拖、拽的意思，它們的區(qū)別如下：
drag: 指沿斜坡而上或水平方向緩慢地拖或拉十分沉重的人或物。作借喻時可指把人硬拉過來。
draw: 指將人或物朝出力者的方向拖，不涉及力的大小，含平穩(wěn)意味，常作借喻用。
pull: 最普通用詞，包含本組其它各詞的一些意思，可指朝各個方向拉，側(cè)重一時或突然拉動的動作。
2. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp.
現(xiàn)在他身穿藍(lán)軍裝，肩扛步槍，在軍營門前大膽地來回走看。
①dress in+sth 穿上某物;喬裝打扮
She dressed in blue evening dress to attend the banquet.
她穿著藍(lán)色晚禮服去參加晚宴。
②march up and down 來回踱步，走來走去
3. He could hear shouting in the camp itself.
他聽得軍營里面的喧鬧聲。
①hear同see、watch、feel、notice等感觀動詞一樣，其賓語后所接的不定式不含to。例如：
I often hear her sing.
我常聽到她唱歌。
但當(dāng)hear用于被動語態(tài)時，不定式中要含to。
She is often heard to sing.
人們經(jīng)常聽到她唱歌。
②hear的賓語后既可接不定式，也可接動名詞。但是在表示“故意聽……”時，只能用不定式。
I often hear her sing.
I often hear her singing.
hear from sb. 接到……的信 hear about / of 聽說
4. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed.
軍官們下了車，戰(zhàn)俘立正站好，并在他們從他面前經(jīng)過時敬了禮。
① stand to attention 立正，當(dāng)在軍事訓(xùn)練中喊到“立正”這一口號時可直接用“Attention”表示。
② salute 及物動詞 表示“行禮、致意、問候”。
We salute the flag every Monday at school.
我們在學(xué)校每周一向國旗行禮。
③ pass 經(jīng)過;傳遞;通過
We passed slowly down the hill in the afternoon.
下午時我們慢慢向山下移動。
pass by 經(jīng)過 pass over 忽視，放過 pass on 傳遞，傳授
pass out 昏倒，失去知覺 pass for 被當(dāng)作
5. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow.
當(dāng)這個人走近時，戰(zhàn)俘一拳把他打倒在地。
① come near 走近，接近;幾乎
② knock to the ground 打倒在地
③ 這個句子是由as引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。
我們目前接觸得比較多的時間狀語從句多由when、while、as引導(dǎo)。
A. when引導(dǎo) a. 表示“當(dāng)……的時候” 可與延續(xù)性動詞或非延續(xù)性動詞連用。例如：
When I get the result, I will tell you right away.
當(dāng)我知道結(jié)果后我就立馬告訴你。
b. 表示“正當(dāng)……的時候” 相當(dāng)于be about to do sth. when
I was watching a movie when he called me.
他給我打電話時我正在看電影。
B. while引導(dǎo) a. 表示“當(dāng)……的時候” 與延續(xù)性動詞連用，主要強調(diào)的是主語的謂語動詞表示的動作發(fā)生在從句謂語動詞表示的動作期間，即在一個過程中插入某動作。
While I was in my postgraduate study, I enjoyed reading in the library.
在我研究生學(xué)習(xí)階段，我特別喜歡去圖書館看書。
b. 表示“然而”，做并列連詞，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。
While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.
當(dāng)妻子正在看報紙的時候，我正在看電視。
C. as引導(dǎo) a. 表示“一邊……一邊……”
The students danced as they sang.
學(xué)生們一邊唱歌一邊跳舞。
b. 表示“隨著”
As the time goes on, her sorrow gradually fades.
隨著時間的流逝，她的悲傷漸漸消散。
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