2008年考研英語翻譯真題解析

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2008年考研英語翻譯真題解析

Directions:

Readthe following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments intoChinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Inhis autobiography, Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers withextraordinary modesty. He points out that he always experienced much difficultyin expressing himself clearly and concisely, but (46) he believes that this very difficulty may have had thecompensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about everysentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his ownobservations. He disclaimed his possession of any great quickness ofapprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley. (47) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long andpurely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason feltcertain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His memory,too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it that henever could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line ofpoetry. (48) On the other hand,he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that,while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning. This, hethought, could not be true, because the “Origin of Species” is one longargument from the beginning to the end, and has convinced many able men. Noone, he submits, could have written it without possessing some power ofreasoning. He was willing to assert that “I have a fair share of invention, andof common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctormust have, but not, I believe, in any higher degree.” (49) He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the commonrun of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observingthem carefully.”

Writingin the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or threerespects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years. Upto the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kids gave him great pleasure.Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very great,delight. In 1881, however, he said:“Now for many years I cannot endure to reada line of poetry. I have also almost lost my taste for pictures or music.” (50) Darwin was convinced that the loss of thesetastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to theintellect, and more probably to the moral character.

精美譯文：

在其(指達爾文)自傳中，他指出，想要簡潔明了地表達自己觀點的時候，他總會遇到很大的困難。(46)他相信，正是這種困難或許能夠揚長避短，以使他長時間專注地思考每一個句子;因此，使他能在推理和自己的觀察中發(fā)現自己的缺點。他說他自己反應遲鈍，理解力差，就象著名的赫胥黎一樣。(47)他還斷言，在深入理解冗長且完全抽象的一系列觀點上，他的能力受到了局限。有鑒于此，他曾深信自己在數學方面本來就不該獲得成功。他還認為自己的記憶雜亂而模糊，從某一個方面來說，甚至是很糟糕，以至于他記住一次約會或者是一行詩歌的話，幾天就能忘記。(48)另一方面，批評家指責他盡管善于觀察，但卻不能推理，對此，他并不接受且認為毫無依據。他認為，這種批評是錯誤的，因為《物種起源》這本書從頭到尾都是長篇大論，卻說服了很多有才華的人。他承認，如果不具備推理能力，沒有人能夠寫出這樣的書。他愿意說自己是“有我應該具有的發(fā)現能力和常識判斷能力，正如每一個成功的律師和醫(yī)生一樣;但是，我認為，我的水平不高。”(49)他謙虛地補充道，或許他“和普通人比起來，更能夠注意到那些別人容易忽略的細節(jié)，更能夠對此加以詳細地觀察”。

在其晚年著作中，他表示，在過去的二三十年中，他的思想在兩三個方面發(fā)生了變化。到三十歲左右，詩歌帶給他極大的快樂。以前，繪畫也能給他帶來興致，而音樂能給他無窮的樂趣。然而，他在1881年說：“這幾年來，讀一行詩，我就受不了。我最近還想要試圖讀讀莎士比亞，可發(fā)現，相當乏味，難以忍受到了令人嘔吐的程度。我也幾乎快要喪失了自己對音樂和繪畫的品味了。一般來說，音樂讓我更加積極深入地思考目前的工作，而不能給我樂趣。我現在依然能夠欣賞美景，但是它卻不能象從前一般帶給我極大的愉悅。”(50)達爾文認為，失去對音樂和繪畫方面的興趣，不僅失去了幸福，而且還可能損傷智力，甚至可能會傷害道德。

題目解析：

(46) he believes that this very difficulty may have had thecompensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about everysentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his ownobservations.

結構分析：

(46)主句// he believes賓語從句//that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantageof 并列結構//forcinghim to think long and intently about every sentence,并列結構 //and thus enabling him todetect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.

詞義推敲：

this very difficulty very表示強調，我們可以翻譯為“正是這個困難”

compensating advantage 補充的/補償的優(yōu)勢，

forcing him to 強迫他去

intently 刻意地，專心地，集中地

enabling him to 使他能夠

reasoning 推理

參考譯文：

達爾文認為正是因為這個困難，促使他對每一個句子進行長時間和針對性的思考，同時也使得他在觀察和推理中發(fā)現錯誤。這也就使他具有了別人所不具備的優(yōu)勢。

得分重點：

賓語從句，并列結構，固定短語

(47) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purelyabstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason felt certain thathe never could have succeeded with mathematics.

結構分析：

(47)主句// He asserted, also, 賓語從句//that his power后置定語/ to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was verylimited, 非限定定語從句//forwhich reason felt certain 表語從句//that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.

詞義推敲：

Asserted 宣稱，聲稱

Follow 理解

Abstract 抽象的，深奧的

train of thought 一連串的思想，思路，思想(固定搭配)

參考譯文：

達爾文同時聲稱，對于冗長而且純抽象的思想，自己的理解能力并不強。因為這個原因，他相信自己在數學方面根本不會成功。

得分重點：

賓語從句，定語從句，表語從句

(48)On the other hand, he did not accept as wellfounded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a goodobserver, he had no power of reasoning.

結構分析：

(48) 狀語結構//On the other hand, 主句//he did not accept 賓語補足語//as well founded賓語// the charge made by some of his critics 同位語從句//that, 讓步狀語從句//while he was a goodobserver, 同位語從句//he hadno power of reasoning.

詞義推敲：

On the other hand 另一方面

as well founded 這個結構的完整形態(tài)應該是“as well founded one(指代charge)，我們翻譯“就像那些有根有據的指控一樣”。

charge 指控，控訴

critics 批評家，評論家

observer 觀測者，觀察員

no power of reasoning 缺乏推理的能力

參考譯文：

另一方面，雖然有些批評他的人一致認為他善于觀察，但不具備推理能力，但是他不同意這種說法

。

得分重點：

同位語從句，讓步狀語從句，賓語補足語

(49) He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run ofmen in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing themcarefully.”

結構分析：

(49)主句// He adds humbly 賓語從句//that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men 并列結構//in noticing things 定語從句//which easily escape attention,并列結構//and inobserving them carefully.”

詞義推敲：

add 增加，補充

humbly 謙虛地，謙恭地

superior to 優(yōu)越于

the common run of men 普通人，比如：She's different from the common run of students.

她跟一般學生不同。

參考譯文：

達爾文很謙虛的補充到，有些事情需要高度的注意力和細心的觀察，也許他自己在觀察此類事情時比一般人有優(yōu)勢。

得分重點：

賓語從句，定語從句，并列結構

(50) Darwin was convinced thatthe loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possiblybe injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.

結構分析：

(50)主句//Darwin was convinced賓語從句// that the loss of these tasteswas 并列結構//not onlya loss of happiness, 并列結構//but(also) might并列結構/ possibly be injurious to theintellect, and more probably并列結構/to the moral character.

詞義推敲：

convince 使確信，使信服

the loss of these tastes 失去這些興趣

a loss of happiness 失去幸福

be injurious to 有害于…

參考譯文：

達爾文認為，對(音樂和繪畫方面)興趣的喪失，失去的不僅僅是一種樂趣，而且可能會傷害到智力，更有甚者還可能傷害到道德。

得分重點：

賓語從句, 并列結構

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