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1998年考研英語翻譯真題解析

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摘要 考研英語翻譯部分難度大,考生要想掌握翻譯的精髓就得加強(qiáng)對(duì)真題的研究和理解。環(huán)球網(wǎng)??佳蓄l道特別分享考研英語翻譯歷年真題解析,我們?cè)敿?xì)的來分析下歷年真題,找到突破口:

相關(guān)鏈接:歷年考研英語翻譯真題解析大匯總

1998年考研英語翻譯真題解析

Directions:

Read the following passage carefully andthen translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must bewritten clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II.

They were, by far, the largest and most distant objects thatscientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billionlight years from earth. (71)Buteven more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to lookinto the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures thatexisted 15 billion years ago. That was just about the moment that the universewas born. What the researchers found was at once both amazing and expected; theUS National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Cosmic Background Explorersatellite -Cobe-had discovered landmark evidence that the universe did in factbegin with the primeval explosion that has become known as the Big Bang(thetheory that the universe originated in an explosion from a single mass ofenergy).

(72) The existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for theBig Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominantexplanation of the cosmos. According the the theory, the universe burstinto being as a submicroscopic, unimaginable dense knot of pure energy thatflew outward in all directions, emitting radiation as it went, condensing intoparticles and then into atoms of gas. Over billions of years, the gas wascompressed by gravity into galaxies, stars, plants and eventually, even humans.

Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structures, but astronomerswould like to see much smaller hot spots as well, the seeds of local objectslike clusters and super clusters of galaxies. They shouldn't have long to wait.(73) Astrophysicists working withground based detectors at the South Pole and balloon borne instruments areclosing in on such structures, and may report their findings soon.

(74) If the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumphfor yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the Big Bang called theinflationary universe theory. Inflation says that very early on, theuniverse expanded in size by more than a trillion trillion -trillion-trillion-fold in much less than a second, propelled by a sort of antigravity. (75) Odd though it sounds, cosmicinflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas inelementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced forthe better part of a decade that it is true.

精美譯文:

離地球大約150億光年的一塊狹長(zhǎng)的巨大宇宙云系是科學(xué)家在此以前所發(fā)現(xiàn)的最大、最遙遠(yuǎn)的物體。(71)但更為重要的是,這是科學(xué)家所能觀測(cè)到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的景象,因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。那大約就是宇宙形成的時(shí)候。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)的宇宙云既令人驚訝,又是人們所期待的,因?yàn)槊绹?guó)國(guó)家航空航天局的宇宙背景探測(cè)者Cobe號(hào)衛(wèi)星已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了劃時(shí)代的證據(jù),證明宇宙確實(shí)起源于最早的一次爆炸,即人們一直所稱的“大爆炸”(此理論認(rèn)為宇宙起源于一大塊能量)。

(72)巨大的宇宙云的存在,實(shí)際上是使本世紀(jì)二十年代首次提出的大爆炸論是以保持其宇宙起源論的主導(dǎo)地位所必不可少的。根據(jù)這一理論,宇宙的形成是由一團(tuán)亞微觀的、極其稠密的純能量團(tuán)朝四面八方向外發(fā)散,隨著放出輻射線,濃縮成粒子,然后形成氣體原子。數(shù)十億年來,這種氣體受引力的壓縮形成星系、恒星、行星,并最終甚至產(chǎn)生人類。

Cobe衛(wèi)星設(shè)計(jì)的目的就是觀察這些最大的物體結(jié)構(gòu),但宇航員還想看到更為微小的熱點(diǎn),即像星紗中的星團(tuán)和超星團(tuán)這樣一些局部物體的粒子??磥硭麄儾槐亻L(zhǎng)期等待。(73)天體物理學(xué)家使用南極陸基探測(cè)器及球工儀器,正越來越近地觀測(cè)這些云系,也許不久會(huì)報(bào)告他們的觀測(cè)結(jié)果。

(74)假如這些小熱點(diǎn)看上去同預(yù)計(jì)的一致,那就意味著又一科學(xué)論說的勝利,這種論說即更完美的大爆炸論,亦稱宇宙膨脹說。膨脹說告訴我們,早在很久以前,宇宙的體積在不到一秒鐘內(nèi)被一種反引力驅(qū)動(dòng)而發(fā)生了無數(shù)倍的膨脹。(75)宇宙膨脹說雖然聽似奇特,但它是基本粒子的物理學(xué)中一些公認(rèn)的理論在科學(xué)上看來似乎可信的推論。許多天體物理學(xué)家七八年來一直確信這一論說是正確的。

題目解析:

71) But even more important, it was thefarthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what theywere seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析:

71) 狀語結(jié)構(gòu)But // even more important, // 主句it // was // the farthest省略結(jié)構(gòu)(strip ofenormous cosmic clouds) // 定語從句thatscientists // had been able to / look into // the past, // 原因狀語從句for // 從句的主語從句what // they // were seeing //謂語were // the patterns and structures 省略結(jié)構(gòu)(of cosmic clouds) // 定語從句that // existed // 15 billion years ago.

詞義推敲:

even more important更為重要的是

it was the farthest這是最遙遠(yuǎn)的宇宙云

it 由于有“thefarthest”作表語,所以譯作“這”。

the farthest 等于“thefarthest strip of enormous cosmic clouds”

look into 觀察,調(diào)查,瀏覽

what they wereseeing

they 指代“scientists”,可以譯作“他們”。

the patterns andstructures(of cosmic clouds)(宇宙云的)形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)

15 billion yearsago 150億年前

參考譯文:

但更為重要的是,這是科學(xué)家們所能觀測(cè)到的最遙遠(yuǎn)的過去的(景象/宇宙云),因?yàn)樗麄兛吹降氖?50億年前宇宙云的形狀和結(jié)構(gòu)。

得分重點(diǎn):

省略結(jié)構(gòu),定語從句,原因狀語從句,主語從句

72) The existence of the giant cloudswas virtually required for the Big Bang, first put forward in the 1920s, tomaintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析:

72) 主句The existence of // the giant 省略結(jié)構(gòu)(cosmos)clouds //被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)wasvirtually required for // the Big Bang, // 插入結(jié)構(gòu)firstput forward // in the 1920s, // 不定式作狀語to maintain //its reign // 介詞短語作后置定語as the dominant explanation of /the cosmos.

詞義推敲:

the giant (cosmos)clouds 巨大的(宇宙)云

virtually requiredfor:必不可少

virtual:existing orresulting in essence or effect though not in actual fact, form, or name 實(shí)質(zhì)上的,實(shí)際上的雖然沒有實(shí)際的事實(shí)、形式或名義,但在實(shí)際上或效果上存在或產(chǎn)生的

the Big Bang 大爆炸理論

first put forward 首創(chuàng)的,開始提出的

in the 1920s 二十世紀(jì)二十年代

to maintain itsreign as 以保持……的地位

maintain:to keep upor carry on; continue 維持或保持;繼續(xù)

its 指代“the BigBang”,譯作“它的”

reign:dominance orwidespread influence 主宰占統(tǒng)治地位的或者廣泛的影響

as the dominantexplanation of cosmos 作為對(duì)宇宙(起源論)的主要解釋

dominant:exercisingthe most influence or control 支配的最有影響的或支配的

參考譯文:

巨大的宇宙云的存在,實(shí)際上是使20年代首創(chuàng)的大爆炸論得以保持其宇宙起源論的主導(dǎo)地位所必不可少的。

得分重點(diǎn):

省略結(jié)構(gòu),被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),插入結(jié)構(gòu)

73) Astrophysicists working with groundbased detectors at the South Pole and balloon borne instruments are closing inon such structures, and may report their findings soon.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析:

73) 主語Astrophysicists // 分詞短語作后置定語workingwith // 并列結(jié)構(gòu)1 ground-based detectors / 后置定語at the South Pole // and 并列結(jié)構(gòu)2 balloon-borneinstruments // 并列結(jié)構(gòu)11 are closing in on // such structures,// 并列結(jié)構(gòu)22 and may report // their findings soon.

詞義推敲:

astrophysicist:天體物理學(xué)家,天文物理學(xué)家

working with 使用,以……為工作手段

ground-baseddetectors 以地面為基礎(chǔ)的探測(cè)器,陸基探測(cè)器

ground-based =based on the ground

ground-basesdetectors:陸基探測(cè)器

balloon-borneinstruments 球載儀器

are closing in on 正越來越近

such structures 云系

findings aconclusion reached after examination or investigation 結(jié)果,結(jié)論檢查或調(diào)查后得出的結(jié)果。我們可以翻譯為觀測(cè)結(jié)果

參考譯文:

天體物理學(xué)家使用南極陸基探測(cè)器及球載儀器/使用南極陸基探測(cè)器以及球載儀器工作的天體物理學(xué)家,正越來越近地觀測(cè)這些云系,也許不久會(huì)報(bào)告他們的觀測(cè)結(jié)果。

得分重點(diǎn):

并列結(jié)構(gòu),分詞短語

74) If the small hot spots look asexpected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinementof the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析:

74) 條件狀語從句If // the small hot spots // look as // 省略結(jié)構(gòu)(they were)expected, // 主句that // will be // a triumph // 介詞短語作狀語結(jié)構(gòu)foryet another scientific idea, // 同位語結(jié)構(gòu)a refinement of /the Big Bang // 分詞短語作后置定語called // the inflationaryuniverse theory.

詞義推敲:

the small hot spots小熱點(diǎn)

look as expected =look as they (hot spots) were expected或者look as we (scientists) expected,譯作“看上去正如所料”。

triumph:the fact ofbeing victorious; victory or conquest 勝利,得勝勝利的事實(shí),勝利或征服

yet:表示強(qiáng)調(diào),譯作“再,還,又”

refinement 更完美,提煉,改進(jìn),相當(dāng)于原文中的“better the

called:作后置定語,譯作“所謂的……”,“人們稱之為……”

the inflationaryuniverse theory 宇宙膨脹說/理論

inflation:the act ofinflating or the state of being inflated 充氣充填氣體的動(dòng)作或被充氣的狀態(tài)

參考譯文:

假如那些小熱點(diǎn)看上去同預(yù)計(jì)的一致,那就意味著又一科學(xué)論說的勝利,這種論說即更完美的大爆炸論,(亦稱/即所謂的)宇宙膨脹說。

得分重點(diǎn):

條件狀語從句,同位語結(jié)構(gòu),省略結(jié)構(gòu)

75) Odd though it sounds, cosmicinflation is a scientifically plausible consequence of some respected ideas inelementary particle physics, and many astrophysicists have been convinced forthe better part of a decade that it is true.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析:

75) 倒裝的讓步狀語從句Odd // though // it sounds, // 并列結(jié)構(gòu)1 省略結(jié)構(gòu)cosmic inflation 省略結(jié)構(gòu)(theory)// is // 多重定語ascientifically plausible consequence / of some respected ideas / inelementary-particle physics, // 并列結(jié)構(gòu)2 and manyastrophysicists // 被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)have been convinced // 時(shí)間狀語for the better part of a decade // 賓語從句thatit // is // true.

參考譯文:

得分重點(diǎn):

詞義推敲:

Odd though itsounds:倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 還原為:though it sounds odd 雖然聽似奇特。

odd:奇特,古怪

it 指代“cosmicinflation”(宇宙膨脹說)

cosmic inflation =inflationary universe theory /cosmic inflation theory 宇宙膨脹說

a scientificallyplausible consequence / of some respected ideas / in elementary-particlephysics:基本粒子物理學(xué)中一些公認(rèn)的理論在科學(xué)上看來可信的推論。

scientificallyplausible consequence 科學(xué)上可信的推論

inelementary-particle physics 基本粒子物理學(xué),關(guān)鍵詞“physics”。

respected ideas 公認(rèn)的理論,權(quán)威理論

plausible:seemingly orapparently valid, likely, or acceptable; credible 看似真實(shí)的,看似有道理的看起來或表面上正確的、可能的或可接受的;可靠的

convince:to bring bythe use of argument or evidence to firm belief or a course of action 說服通過進(jìn)行辯論或者提供證據(jù)使…確信或使…采取某種行為

for the better partof a decade 七八年來

better = greater大部分

參考譯文:

宇宙膨脹說雖然聽似奇特,但它是基本粒子物理學(xué)中一些公認(rèn)的理論在科學(xué)上看來可信的推論。許多天體物理學(xué)家七八年來一直認(rèn)為(這一論說/宇宙膨脹說)是正確的。

得分重點(diǎn):

倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),讓步狀語從句,并列結(jié)構(gòu),被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),賓語從句,多重定語結(jié)構(gòu)

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