2015年職稱英語考試理工類閱讀理解(2)

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　　2015年職稱英語考試理工類閱讀理解(2)

　　Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our possibility to give and receive support from one another under stressful (有壓力的) conditions. Social support makes up of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to deal with major life changes and daily problems. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over types of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.

　　Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others in spite of our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Taking part in free-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (轉(zhuǎn)移注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support money aid, material resources, and needed services - that reduces stress by helping us resolve and deal with our problems.

　　1. Interpersonal relationships are important because they can ________

　　A. make people live more easily B. smooth away daily problems

　　C. deal with life changes D. cure types of illnesses

　　2. The researches show that people's physical and mental health _______

　　A. lies in the social medical care systems which support them

　　B. has much to do with the amount of support they get from others

　　C. depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles

　　D. is related to their courage for dealing with major life changes

　　3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "cushions"?

　　A. takes place of B. makes up of

　　C. lessens the effect of D. gets rid of

　　4. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work in spare time is an example of ________

　　A. instrumental support B. informational support

　　C. social companionship D. the strengthening of self-respect

　　5. What is the subject discussed in the text?

　　A. Interpersonal relationships. B. Kinds of social support.

　　C. Ways to deal with stress. D. Effects of stressful condition.

　　參考答案：59.A 60.B 61.C 62.C 63.A

　　1. 在第一段中我們可以找出答案。從“to deal with major life changes and daily problems. Studies over types of illnesses”可以看出，B、C、D的內(nèi)容只是問題的一部分，都比較片面，所以答案選擇A。

　　2. 首先，大家要知道researches和studies都是研究的意思，在第一段的最后一句話中“Studies over types of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, show that the presence of social support helps people defend themselves against illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.”可以判斷答案選擇B。A和C選項在文中沒有提及，而D選項只提到了life changes，內(nèi)容太片面。

　　3. 這道題可以通過查詞典選出正確答案。

　　Cushion的動詞意思是“1. 使免遭損害;使免受令人不快的影響2. (用墊子)使柔和，使松軟3. (跌倒或碰撞時)起緩沖作用;緩和沖擊”在ABCD四個選項中，A “代替”;B“構(gòu)成組成”;C“減少影響，免受影響”;D“擺脫，除掉，去掉”。經(jīng)比較得出答案選擇C。

　　4. 在最后一段中，作者給出了幾種不同的support。第一種是friends, relatives and co-workers may let us know that they value us. 即從朋友，親戚和同事那獲得的支持;第二種是other people often provide us with informational support.即別人為我們提供的信息幫助和支持;第三種是we typically find social companionship supportive-taking part in free-time activities with others。即社會關(guān)系或友情中得到的支持或幫助。最后一種是other people may give us instrumental support，即別人給我們提供的實質(zhì)性支持。綜上比較得出答案選擇C。

　　5. 這道題的主要目的是考文章討論得焦點內(nèi)容。我們從第一段開頭就能判斷出文章中要談?wù)摰膬?nèi)容“Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships.”所以答案選擇A。像這樣問題的答案一般作者都會在文章的開頭給出來。