2014年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)(理工類(lèi))教材補(bǔ)全短文文章及譯文13

更新時(shí)間：2015-12-10 11:50:58 來(lái)源：|0

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　　Sleeping Giant

　　Right now, an eruption is brewing in Yellowstone National Park. Sometime during the next two hours, the park's most famous geyser, Old Faithful, will begin gurgling boiling water and steam. ____1____

　　Old Faithful is not only a spectacular sight; it's also a constant reminder that Yellowstone sits on one of the largest volcanoes in the world. If you've never heard of Yellowstone's volcano, you’re not alone. ____2____ Yet it has erupted three times during the last 2 million years. And one of those eruptions spewed enough volcanic ash and other debris to blanket half the United States.

　　Yellowstone's volcano is sometimes called a "supervolcano” or extremely large and explosive caldera volcano. ____3____ This supervolcano formed over a hot spot, an extremely hot area in Earth's mantle. John Valley, a volcano professor, said that as the crust moves across a hot spot, the hot spot melts a section of the plate moving over it, forming "one volcano after another.”

　　The Yellowstone hot spot melts thick continental crust, which may cause catastrophic eruptions. According to experts the eruptions that created each of the three calderas in and around Yellowstone National Park were larger than any other volcanic eruption in recorded history. The most recent eruption, which happened 640,000 years ago, produced at least 1, 000 cubic kilometers of ash and debris, which blanketed most of the western half of the United States. ____4____

　　Geological evidence shows Yellowstone has blown its stack every 700,000 years or so.1 “If nature were truly that regular and reliable, we would be due for another eruption soon,2” said Valley. "However, these processes are subject to variability, so we don't really know when the next eruption will happen.”

　　____5____It is the volcanic energy that powers the geysers and hot springs, creates the mountains and canyons, and generates the unique ecosystems that support Yellowstone's diverse wildlife3.

　　詞匯：

　　brew 醞釀

　　Yellowstone National Park黃石國(guó)家公園

　　geyser 間歇泉 gurgle 汩汩地流 spew 噴涌

　　caldera 火山口洼地 crust 地殼

　　mantle 地幔 continental 大陸的

　　catastrophic 災(zāi)難的 variability 可變性 canyon 峽谷

　　注釋?zhuān)?/P>

　　1.every 700,000 years or so：每70萬(wàn)年左右

　　2.If nature were truly that regular and reliable, we would be due for another eruption soon：如果自然界真的如此有規(guī)律，如此可靠，那么，我們將很快面臨另一次火山噴發(fā)。這是一個(gè)虛擬句。注意：從句中的動(dòng)詞用了were，而不是is或was，主句中的動(dòng)詞用了would be，而不是will be。

　　3.It is the volcanic energy that powers the geysers and hot springs, creates the mountains and canyons, and generates the unique ecosystems that support Yellowstone’s diverse wildlife：這是一句用了it is ... that ...結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容放在it is和that之間。本句被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是the volcanic energy。被強(qiáng)調(diào)前的句子應(yīng)該是：The volcanic energy powers the geysers and hot springs, creates the mountains and canyons, and generates the unique ecosystems that support Yellowstone's diverse wildlife.

　　練習(xí)：

　　A　Three calderas make up more than a third of Yellowstone National Park.

　　B　The first Yellowstone eruption, 2 million years ago, released more than double that amount of ash and debris.

　　C　The volcano is so inconspicuous(不顯眼的)that few people know it exists.

　　D　Then, an enormous fountain will shoot high into the air.

　　E　While the active geological processes at Yellowstone do pose some risk to the public, they also make it a unique treasure.

　　F　Yellowstone National Park attracts the interest of geologists the world over.

　　答案與題解：

　　1.D　第一段第二句說(shuō)，在隨后的兩個(gè)小時(shí)的某一時(shí)刻，間歇泉會(huì)涌出沸水和蒸汽。后續(xù)句應(yīng)該是選項(xiàng)D。boiling water變成fountain, shoot high into the air。

　　2.C　第二段第二句說(shuō)，如果你不知道黃石公園的下面是火山，沒(méi)有關(guān)系，很多人都不知道。為什么會(huì)如此呢?C道出了原因，所以是答案。

　　3.A　第三段第一句說(shuō)黃石公園的火山extremely large，所以有時(shí)候被稱(chēng)為supervolcano。選項(xiàng)A的句子具體說(shuō)明這個(gè)supervolcano大到什么程度，所以是答案。

　　4.B　在選項(xiàng)B的more than double that amount of ash and debris這個(gè)短語(yǔ)中，有關(guān)鍵詞double that amount，說(shuō)明前面句子一定有一個(gè)數(shù)字。檢查后，發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)數(shù)字是“1,000 cubic kilometers of ash and debris”，可以斷定，選項(xiàng)B的句子就是要放回原位的句子。

　　5.E　“空5”所在段的前面兩段介紹了黃石公園火山以前噴發(fā)時(shí)的可怕情景?！翱?”所在段敘述火山能量帶來(lái)的好處。這是兩種情景截然相反的描寫(xiě)，中間很可能有一個(gè)過(guò)渡句，把它們連接起來(lái)。選項(xiàng)E就是過(guò)渡句，應(yīng)該是本題的答案。

　　譯文：沉睡的巨人

　　眼下，黃石國(guó)家公園正在醞釀一場(chǎng)噴發(fā)。在隨后的兩個(gè)小時(shí)的某一時(shí)刻，公園里最著名的間歇泉“老忠實(shí)”會(huì)涌出沸水和蒸汽。接著，一個(gè)巨大的噴泉將會(huì)高高地射向空中。

　　“老忠實(shí)”不僅僅是一個(gè)奇特的景點(diǎn)，它還常常提醒人們黃石國(guó)家公園坐落在世界上最大的火山之上。如果你沒(méi)有聽(tīng)過(guò)黃石國(guó)家公園的火山，這不稀奇，因?yàn)椴恢赖牟恢鼓阋粋€(gè)。這個(gè)火山太不起眼了，以至于不太有人注意到它的存在。盡管如此，它在過(guò)去的200萬(wàn)年中已經(jīng)爆發(fā)了三次。其中一次地爆發(fā)噴涌出的火山灰和殘?jiān)阋愿采w半個(gè)美國(guó)。

　　黃石國(guó)家公園里的火山有時(shí)也被稱(chēng)作是“超級(jí)火山”，即巨型爆炸式火山口的火山。三個(gè)火山口組成了公園的三分之一多。這個(gè)“超級(jí)火山”在一處地幔中極熱的地帶形成。火山老師約翰?伏雷說(shuō)，當(dāng)?shù)貧そ?jīng)過(guò)這塊熱的地方時(shí)，這個(gè)地方就會(huì)熔化在它上邊移動(dòng)的一塊地表，從而形成一個(gè)又一個(gè)的“火山”。

　　黃石國(guó)家公園里的那塊熱的地帶可以熔化很厚的陸地地殼，這樣有可能會(huì)引起災(zāi)難性的火山噴發(fā)。據(jù)老師稱(chēng)，在公園里及周?chē)斐扇齻€(gè)破火山口的火山噴發(fā)比歷史上記載的任何一次火山爆發(fā)都要大。最近的一次噴發(fā)繁盛在距今64萬(wàn)年前，產(chǎn)生出了至少1000立方千米的灰和殘?jiān)?，它覆蓋住了美國(guó)西半部的大部分地區(qū)。黃石火山的第一次爆發(fā)在200萬(wàn)年前，它釋放出的火山灰和殘?jiān)悄谴蔚膬杀抖唷?/P>

　　地質(zhì)方面的證據(jù)表明，黃石公園的火山每隔70萬(wàn)年左右爆發(fā)一次。伏雷說(shuō)：“如果自然真的是如此有規(guī)律，如此可靠，那么我們將很快面臨另一次火山噴發(fā)，然而，這些過(guò)程又充滿變數(shù)，因此我們真的不知道什么時(shí)候它會(huì)再次噴發(fā)?！?/P>

　　雖然黃石公園里活躍的地質(zhì)活動(dòng)對(duì)公眾來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)威脅，它們同時(shí)也稱(chēng)為公園里一筆獨(dú)特的財(cái)富。正是火山爆發(fā)時(shí)的能量形成了間歇泉和溫泉、山脈及峽谷，也產(chǎn)生了獨(dú)特的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，以保證黃石公園里野生動(dòng)物的多樣性。

　　2014年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考前復(fù)習(xí)必讀攻略 2014年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)老師輔導(dǎo)輕松通關(guān)