2014年職稱英語：補(bǔ)全短文解題技巧1

　　補(bǔ)全短文的技巧

　　補(bǔ)全短文題型中，每個題目都是一個陳述句，出現(xiàn)的位置不固定。

　　這種題型不是要求你寫出答案，而是從選項(xiàng)中選擇。選項(xiàng)的數(shù)目要多于題目的數(shù)目。

　　補(bǔ)全短文題型對閱讀能力的要求較高，同時也非常注重基礎(chǔ)知識如語法、詞匯知識的考查，因此補(bǔ)全短文題型的難度較大，是職稱考試中最令考生頭痛的題型之一。下面，我們來共同探索一下補(bǔ)全短文題型的出題思路及解題技巧，以下面這篇文章為例：

　　【例1】

　　Home Schooling

　　All children in the United States have to receive an education, but the law does not say they have to be educated at school. A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. 46 There are about 300,000 home-schoolers in the United States today. Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe that public schools teach the correct religious values, others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home. 47

　　David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school. 48 For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading about climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears, and winter tourism. Or a spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program. 49

　　Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. 50 However, most parents don't have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.

　　練習(xí)：

　　A. Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math.

　　B. Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.

　　C. Learning starts with the children's interests and questions.

　　D. Children who are educated at home are known as "home-schoolers".

　　E. In some countries, there are children who are educated by their parents at home instead of by teachers at school.

　　F. If the Brazilian rain forests are on the TV news, it could be a perfect time to talk about how rain forests influence the climate, how deserts are formed, and how the polar ice caps affect ocean levels.

　　解題方略：解每道題時只需要閱讀該題所在段落，不需要閱讀其他段落。往往通過閱讀該題目的前后句就能夠確定答案。

　　1.利用轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系來做題。

　　對于46題，我們可以閱讀其前面兩句話可知，法律沒有規(guī)定孩子們必須在學(xué)校里接受教育，這句話的潛臺詞就是有一些孩子沒有在學(xué)校里接受教育，那么他們在哪里接受教育呢?那么就學(xué)生而言，at school相對應(yīng)的應(yīng)該是at home，所以選D。

　　2.利用歸納總結(jié)關(guān)系來做題。

　　對于47題，出現(xiàn)在第一段的末尾。在這一段中，一直在對比在學(xué)校里接受教育和在家里接受教育，作為總結(jié)句，應(yīng)該對這兩種教育形式的優(yōu)劣作出對比總結(jié)。在六個選項(xiàng)中，只有A和E提到了這兩種教育形式，但只有A正確，其中的results暗示了正確答案。

　　3.利用總分關(guān)系來解題。

　　對于48題，從例證詞for example我們就可得知，48空中必須出現(xiàn)一個具有概括意義的名詞而且這個名詞必須包括For example后所舉的例子。通過閱讀48題后面的句子：冬天下雪時他們與孩子討論有關(guān)氣候問題與除雪設(shè)備，討論阿拉斯加、北極熊、冬季旅游等話題。在春天的夜晚，舉家出去看星星，然后問孩子一些有關(guān)衛(wèi)星、太空項(xiàng)目等方面的問題。這些講的是孩子感興趣的話題，因此正確答案選C。

　　4.利用并列關(guān)系解題。

　　對于49題，應(yīng)當(dāng)是48題的延續(xù)。49題作為第二段的最后一句，要么是對該段的總結(jié)，要么是For example后例證的并列。作為總結(jié)性的答案在選項(xiàng)中已經(jīng)沒有了，只可能是并列關(guān)系，因此選F。

　　5.利用關(guān)鍵詞來解題。

　　對于50題，我們可以完全用關(guān)鍵詞來解題。在最后一段第一句中出現(xiàn)了critics這個單詞，由此可見該段主要講批評家對home schooling所持的態(tài)度，在六個選項(xiàng)中只有B答案中出現(xiàn)了critics這個詞，因此只能選B。

　　6.利用時間關(guān)系來解題。

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