2020考研英語閱讀題源經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人文章：伊朗大學(xué)的蘇醒

考研英語閱讀題源經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人文章：伊朗大學(xué)的蘇醒

Iran's universities

大學(xué)在伊朗

Breathing again

重新蘇醒

The new president is giving students a longer leash

新總統(tǒng)將為學(xué)生提供更大的自由發(fā)展空間

“AT LEAST one thing hasn't changed”, remarked aTehran University professor who had recentlyreturned to work after several years. “The faculty still gossips terribly.” But under PresidentHassan Rouhani bigger changes onIran's leading campus—and perhaps in universities elsewhere—may also be on the way.

“至少有一點(diǎn)沒有改變”，德黑蘭大學(xué)一位重返工作崗位不久的教授對此評論道，“學(xué)院里依舊流言四起。”但是在總統(tǒng)哈桑魯哈尼的帶領(lǐng)下，伊朗的主要院校或者各個地方的大學(xué)將會發(fā)生更大的變化。

One sign of this was the recent sacking ofTehranUniversity's conservative chancellor.Appointed in 2008 by Mr Rouhani's populist predecessor, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, he hadoverseen the expulsion of independent-minded students and academics, promoting mediocreyes-men and stifling the intellectual atmosphere.

最近德黑蘭大學(xué)保守派校長的解雇是其跡象之一。在2008年被魯哈尼總統(tǒng)的前任—擁躉民粹主義的馬哈茂德艾哈邁迪內(nèi)賈德所任命，他曾監(jiān)督驅(qū)逐具有個人主義思想的學(xué)生和學(xué)者，支持具有中庸思想的服從主義者從而形成了令人窒息的文化氛圍。

Since his departure, things have loosened up. Last month over 1,000 students gathered tohear a lecture by Immanuel Wallerstein, an 83-year-old, left-wing American sociologist. Widelytranslated into Persian, he is respected acrossIran's intellectual spectrum, albeit undervarious interpretations. For some, he is a herald ofAmerica's decline, affirmingIran's officialnarrative. For others, he still represents America, even if he challenges the global status quo.

自從魯哈尼的上任以來，這一方面有所放松。上個月有1000多名學(xué)生聚集在一起參加了美國83歲的左翼社會學(xué)家伊曼紐爾沃勒斯坦的講座。他的觀點(diǎn)被廣泛的翻譯成波斯語，盡管有著不同的詮釋方式，伊曼紐爾沃勒斯坦在伊朗的學(xué)術(shù)界備受尊重。在一些人看來，他預(yù)示著美國的衰落，肯定了伊朗官方的敘述，然而另外一些人認(rèn)為他依舊代表著美國，盡管他向全球的現(xiàn)狀發(fā)起了挑戰(zhàn)。

In the early years of this century, under the presidency of Muhammad Khatami, Westernintellectuals visited quite often. Under Mr Ahmadinejad, they virtually stopped coming. But sinceMr Rouhani was elected last summer, intellectual waters are being tested again. Hosted by theIranian Sociological Association, Mr Wallerstein's lecture tour included two other notableuniversities, atShirazandIsfahan.

在本世紀(jì)早期，在穆罕默德哈塔米總統(tǒng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，西方的知識分子經(jīng)常訪問伊朗。在艾哈邁迪內(nèi)賈德當(dāng)政時，他們幾乎停止了往來。但是自從魯哈尼去年夏天當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)，學(xué)術(shù)界再次活躍起來。在伊朗社會學(xué)會的主持下，沃勒斯坦的巡回演講在另外兩所著 名的大學(xué)設(shè)拉子和伊斯法罕舉辦。

Many of the students did not know who he was, but wanted to see an American scholaranyway. When he observed that third-world regimes born out of revolution tended to createthe same social and economic problems their founders had promised to solve, a frisson rippledthrough the ssembly. At the back of the hall, where students craned to see him, whistles andapplause erupted.

許多學(xué)生并不知道沃勒斯坦是誰，但是不管怎么說他們期待著見到這位來自美國的學(xué)者。他覺察到誕生于革命的第三世界政權(quán)存在著社會經(jīng)濟(jì)問題死灰復(fù)燃的跡象，而這些問題也正是政權(quán)建立者們曾經(jīng)承諾解決的，這一現(xiàn)象在議會中引起了強(qiáng)烈的反響。在大廳的后面學(xué)生們伸長著脖子去看沃勒斯坦，爆發(fā)出熱烈的掌聲和間或的口哨聲。

1.loose up 收集

例句:The gleaners gathered up the loose ears ofcorns.

拾谷穗的人把掉落的谷穗收集起來。

2.want to 想去;想要

例句:The difference between who you are and whoyou want to be is what you do.

你是什么樣的人和你想成為什么樣的之間的差距就是，你做了什么。

3.promise to 承諾;保證

例句:Claire had made me promise to tell her the truth.

克萊爾要我保證把真相告訴她。

4.even if 即使;縱然

例句:Even if the amendment is passed it can be defeated judicially.

即使修正案獲得通過，也有可能通過司法途徑被廢除。