2005年4月自考英語(二)試卷及老師評(píng)析

本試卷分為兩部分，滿分100分；考試時(shí)間為150分鐘。
第一部分為選擇題，共50分。應(yīng)考者必須在“答題卡”上按要求填涂，不能答在試卷上。
第二部分為非選擇題，共50分。應(yīng)考者必須將答案寫在“答題紙”的相應(yīng)位置上，否則不計(jì)分。

PART ONE   （50   POINTS）
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10  points, 1 point for each item)
從下列各句四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。
1.Would’t  you  rather your  child ______  successful with his study and won the scholarship?
A.became             B.become          C. would become       D.becomes

2.Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement  ,he wonders_______will happen to his family life.
A.it                 B.that             C.what                D.this

3.We  hope  that all the measures against sandstorms ,________ was put forward by the  committee  ,will be considered  seriously at the meeting .
A.while              B.after           C.since                D.as

4.We  cannot leave this tough job to a person_________.
A.who nobody has confidence                B.in whom nobody has confidence 
C.for whom nobody has confidence           D.who everyone has confidence of 

5.You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it .
A.until                B.if only           C.in case         D.unless

6.Hey, leave_____!I hate people touching my hair.
A.behind            B.out                  C.off              D.over 

7.I thought the problem of water shortage would ________ at the meeting but nobody mentioned it.
A.come up         B.come up to             C.come over        D.come to 

8.Mr.Smith  ,can I ________ you for a minute? I’d like to hear your poinion on this issue.
A.say a word with                           B.have words  with 
C.mention  a word with                       D.have a word with

9.There is a deadlock (僵局) in the discussion when meither side gives ________ to the over .
A.a way          B.way           C.the way           D.its way

10.This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ the height of students at different ages.
A.with          B.for             C.to               D.in

Ⅱ.Cloze Test (10  points, 1 point for each item)

下列短文中有十個(gè)空白，每個(gè)空白有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)上下文要求選出最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology . Her ability to negotiate __11______ by the fact most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets .Japan’s _____12____has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large ,so that _13______ to this market could be offered to multinational companies  as an attraction to them to grant licenses. Besides ,Japan’s work force was disciplined ,so it was capable __14___ applying the information it acquired.Finally ,American and European companies ,who were _15________licensers, felt that the Japanese companies might take a large share of the world  market __16______ they were not limited by licensing agreement.

Conditions of this sort, ____17____ together in one nation ,may well be unique ,and the case of Japan may therefore not actually demonstrate that licensing is just as efficient as  multinational ownership for the _18_______ of technology.In fact ,Japan May be finding this method of operation __19______effective than in the past ,as 
Her needs for outside technology now require information which _20_______ only a few companies and is more closely held.

11. A.was strengthened              B.will be strengthened
　　C.will have been  strengthened      D.has been strengthende

12.A.position              B.location        C.place           D.point

13.A.entry                 B.access          C.presence        D.acceptance

14.A.at                    B.in              C.for             D.of  

15.A.potential             B.feasible        C.liable          D.inevitable

16.A.until                 B.before          C.if              D.after  

17.A.came                  B.come            C.will come       D.coming

18.A.transformation        B.transfer        C.transmission    D.shift

19.A.much                  B.little          C.less            D.more  

20.A.sticks to             B.belongs to      C.draws on        D.takes on
 
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension  (30  points, 2 point for each item)

從下列每篇短文的問題后所給的四個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage .

　　One day ,the principal came into our room and ,after talking to the teacher ,for some reason said ：“I wish all of the white scholars to stand for a moment .”I rose  with the others . The teacher looked at me and ,calling my name ,said：“You sit down for the present ,and rise with the others .”I  did not quite understand her .She repeated ：“You sit down now, and rise with the others .”I sat down puzzled and dumb. I saw and heard nothing .When the other were  asked to rise ,I did not know it .When school was dismissed ,I went out unconsciously .A few of the white boys laughed at me ,saying：“Oh, you’re  a nigger ,too.”

     I hurried on as fast as I  could to where my looking ?glass hung on the wall in my own little room. For an instant I was afraid to look ,but when I did ,I looked long and earnestly. I was accustomed to hearing remarks about my beauty; but now ,for the first time ,I  became conscious  of it and recognized it .I noticed the ivory(象牙) whiteness of my skin ,the beauty  of my mouth ,the size and liquid darkness of my eyes .I ran  downstairs and rushed to where my mother was sitting .I buried  my head in  her lap and cried out：“Mother ,tell me ,am I  a nigger ?”I could not see her face ,but  I  felt her hands on my head .I looked up into her face . There were tears in her eyes and I could see that she was  suffering for me . And then it was that  I looked at her  critically for the first time. I had thought of her in a  childish way only as the most  beautiful woman in the world; now I looked at her searching for defects .I  could see that her skin was almost brown ,and that she did differ in some way from the other ladies who came to the house; yet ,even so I could see that she was more beautiful than any of them. She must have felt that I was examining her ,for she hid her face in my hair and said with difficulty：“No ,my darling ,you are not a nigger .”She went on ：“If anyone calls you a nigger ,don’t notice them .”But the more she talked ,the less was I  reassured ,and I  stopped  her by asking ：“Well ,mother ,am I white ? Are you white?” She answered tremblingly：“No ,I am not white ,but your father is one of the greatest men in the country .The best blood of the South is in you .”This suddenly opened up in my heart a fresh fear ,and I  almost fiercely demanded：“Who is my father ? Where is he ?”She stroked my hair and said ：“I’ll tell you about him some day.”I sobbed：“I  want to know now .”She answered：“No ,not now.”

21.We can infer from the passage that “a nigger ”means________.
A.a white person                      B.a black person
C.anyone  that is not white           D.anyone that is not black

22.When the teacher asked him to sit down and rise with the others ,the author was confused because_________.
A. he never considered himself a non-white person
B. he thought the teacher didn’t recognize him 
C. he thought he should be considered
D. he thought it rude for the teacher to call his name

23.It was on that day that he began to realize that _________.
A. he was a nigger 
B. he was different from others because of his beauty 
C. his color was like that of his mother 
D. he differed from other white people even with his beauty

24.From the passage we can learn that _________.
A. the boy’s father left them for some reasons
B. the boy’s  mother didn’t want to mention his father at all
C. the boy never met his father before
D. the boy’s mother hated his father

25.This passage generally tells us a story of ________.
A.a boy who suddenly realized that he was a colored person 
B.a boy who had  been looked down upon because he had no father
C.the miserable life of colored people 
D.the life of a one-parent family

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.

   For Americans, time is a “resource” that, like water or coal, can be used well or poorly. “Time is money,” they say. “You only get so much time in this life; you’d best use it wisely.” The future will not be better than the past or the present unless people use their time fro constructive, future-oriented activities. Thus, Americans admire a “well-organized” person, one who has a written list of things to do and a schedule for doing them. The ideal person is punctual and treasures other people’s time.

   The American attitude towards time is not necessarily shared by others, especially non-Europeans. They are more likely to consider time as something that is simply there around them, not something they can “use”. One of the more difficult things many foreign businessmen and students must adjust to in the States is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.

In their efforts to use their time. Wisely, Americans are sometimes seen by foreign visitors as automatons, unhuman creatures who are so tied to their clocks and their schedules that they cannot participate in or enjoy the human interactions that are the truly important things in life. “They are like little machines running around,” one foreign visitor said.

The emphasis Americans place on efficiency is closely related to their concepts of the future, change and time. To do something efficiently is to do it in the way that is quickest and requires the smallest investment of resources. American businesses sometimes hire “efficiency experts” to review their operations and suggest ways in which they could accomplish more than they are currently accomplishing with the resources they are investing. Popular periodicals carry suggestions for more efficient ways to clean house, raise children, tend the yard, and so on.

In this context the “fast-food industry” can be seen as a clear example of an American cultural product. McDonald’s, Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, and other fast-food establishments prosper in a country where many people want to minimize the amount of time they spend preparing and eating meals. The millions of Americans who take their meals at fast-food restaurants cannot have much interest in lingering over their food while conversing with friends, as millions of Europeans do. As McDonald’s restaurants have spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness. The typical American food, some observers argue, is fast food.

26. If a person treasures other people’s time, he＿＿＿＿.
A. does not waste people’s time with conversation or activity that has no beneficial outcome
B. does not believe the future will be any better than the present or the past
C. likes to deep a written schedule of the daily activities with him
D. likes to have his meals at the fast-food restaurants to save time

27. In the eyes of the foreign visitors in the States, American people＿＿＿＿.
A. think that time is always there which needs budgeting
B. enjoy saving and using time wisely everyday
C. are indifferent in that they are like feelingless machines
D. are so fully engaged that they are unable to enjoy the important things in life

28. What is the job of an efficiency expert?
A. Writing articles for periodicals.
B. Recommending ways of efficient investment
C. Examining the quality of a company’s products
D. Teaching people how to take care of their yard

29. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Many Americans love having meals at fast-food restaurants
B. Americans are busier than other people in the world
C. The American fast-food industry helps spread the American culture around the world
D. The United States is the father of the world’s fast-food industry

30. The best title for this passage is ＿＿＿＿.
A. The American Concept of Time
B. The Development of the American Fast Food Industry
C. How to Raise Efficiency
D. The American Food and Culture

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

It is difficult to estimate the number of youngsters involved in home schooling, where children are not sent to school and receive their formal education from one or both parents. Legislation and court decisions have make it legally possible in most states for parents to educate their children at home, and each year more people take advantage of that opportunity.
Supporters of home education claim that it is less expensive and far more efficient than mass public education. Moreover they quote several merits: relief of school overcrowding, added curricular and pedagogical (課程和教學(xué)法) alternatives, strengthened family relationships, lower dropout rates, increased motivation, higher standardized test scores, and reduced discipline problems. Supporters of home schooling also believe that it provides the parents with the opportunity to reinforce their moral values through education.

Critics of home schooling movement claim that it creates as many problems as it solves. They acknowledge that, in a few cases, home schooling offers educational opportunities superior to those found in most public schools, but few parents can provide such educational advantages. Some parents who withdraw their children form the schools in favor of home schooling have an inadequate educational background and insufficient formal training to provide a satisfactory education for their children. Typically, parents have fewer, not more technological resources available than do schools. However, the relatively inexpensive computer technology that is readily available today is causing some to challenge the notion that home schooling is in any way not so good as more highly structured classroom education.

Finally, a sociological (社會(huì)學(xué)) concern is the restricted social interaction experienced by children who are educated at home. Technology will never replace the pupil-teacher relationship. Also, while relationships with parents and brothers and sisters may be improved, children taught at home may develop a distorted (歪曲的) view of society.

31. The main idea of the passage is that＿＿＿＿.
A. more and more parents are in favor of home schooling
B. home schooling is superior to school education because it has been legally approved
C. though home schooling has its advantages, it creates as many new problems at the same time
D. school education is no doubt better than home education

32. Those who support home schooling think that ＿＿＿＿.
A. it’s less expensive and more efficient apart from other merits
B. it has added curricular and pedagogical alternatives
C. it will cause fewer discipline problems
D. it’s more important to reinforce moral values

33. Critics believe that ＿＿＿＿.
A. few parents can afford computers and technology when providing home education
B. few parents are qualified enough to provide a satisfactory home education 
C. school teachers are better than parents
D. classroom environment can provide most satisfactory education

34. According to the author, home schooling cannot help children         .
A. acquire social knowledge
B. build up a relationship with family members
C. build up pupil-teacher relationship
D. develop a right view of society

35. The attitude of the author toward home schooling is         .
A. vague
B. positive
C. totally negative
D. straight-forward

2005年上半年高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試英語（二）試卷

PART  TWO   （50POINTS）

IV. Word  Spellng (10 points, 1 point for two items)
將下列漢語單詞譯成英語。每個(gè)單詞的詞類、首字母及字母數(shù)目均已給出。請(qǐng)將完整的單詞寫在答題紙上。
36.破壞，使…遇難  vt  w______         37.自愿的，自發(fā)的  a.  v_______
38.緊要的，緊迫的  a..  u______        39. 容忍，忍受     vt.  t_______
40.癥狀，征兆      n.   s______        41. 最近，不久前   ad.  l_______
42.放大，夸大     vt.  m______         43. 概念，想法      n.  n_______
44.服從，聽從     vt.  o_______        45. 苦干的，費(fèi)力的  a.  p_______
46.達(dá)到；造詣     n.   a_______        47. 使平衡；權(quán)衡    vt.  b________
48.戰(zhàn)役，運(yùn)動(dòng)     n.   c_______        49. 裝修，裝飾      vt.  d________
50.基本的，初級(jí)的  a.  e_______        51.  忠誠(chéng)的，忠實(shí)的  a.  f________
52.姿勢(shì)，手勢(shì)      n  g_______         53.  高度地，非常    ad.  h________
54.模仿的，仿制的  a.  I________       55. 正義，公正      n.   j_________

V. WORD FORM(10 points,1 point for each item)
   將括號(hào)中的各詞變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)?shù)男问教钊肟瞻?。答案寫在答題紙上。
56. Once harm  ______(do) to  the  environment, it takes years  to  have  the  system recovred.
57. With  the  strike_______(settle), the  work  on  the  new  assembly  line  went  ahead  like  wildfire.
58. The  child  was  playing_________(danger) near  the  edge  of  the   swimming  pool.
59. This  project  ________(accomplish) by the  end  of  2006  will  greatly improve  the basic  facility   of  the   city.
60.  People  appreciae_________(talk)  with  him  because  he  is  knowledgeable   and   humorous.
61.  Since  the   author  did  not  stick  to  the  topic , I  found  his  article  very  ______(confuse) and  hard   to   follow.
62. With  all  this  done , I ______(free) from  all  troubles  and   responsibilities.
63. Had  he  been  treated  well , he ________(get  over)  this  disease.
64. Investigations  into  the  cause  of  the   shipwreck   show  that   the  ship _______(sink)  the  moment   it  hit  the  rock .
65. If  only  the   board ________(approve) the  proposal  and  put  it  into  effect.
vi．Translation  from  Chinese  into  English (15  points ,3  points  for   each  item)
    將下列各句譯成英語并將答案寫在答題紙上。
66. 時(shí)間是世界上最容易浪費(fèi)也是最難以把握的東西。
67．雖然管理者不能預(yù)測(cè)未來，但他們的許多決策還是要求他們考慮到未來可能發(fā)生的事情。
68．愛因斯坦聲稱物質(zhì)和能量是可以相互轉(zhuǎn)化的，因此沒有絕對(duì)的時(shí)間和空間。
69．這次考試不及格人數(shù)多得驚人。
70．二十世紀(jì)六十年代美國(guó)民間音樂除表現(xiàn)愛情與希望外，還表現(xiàn)反戰(zhàn)情緒。

vii. Translation from  English  into  Chinese (15  points)
    將下列短文譯成漢語并將答案寫在答題紙上。
    Planning  is   a   very   important  activity  in  our  lives.  It  can  give  pleasure  and  even  excitement,  but  cause  quite   severe  headaches .  The  more  significant  the  task  ahead ,  the  more  careful  the  planning   required.  Getting  to  school  or  to  work   on  time  is  a  task  requiring  little  or  no  planning . It  is  almost  a  routine.  A   month’s   touring   holiday  abroad,  or  better  still , getting  married,  is  a  different   matter  altogether.  If  the  holiday  involves   a   church   wedding,  with   50  guests,  a   reception,  a  honeymoon  in  Italy,  and   returning  to  a  new   home,   this  requires   even   more  planning  to  make   sure   that   is  successful .  planning  is  our  way   of   trying  to   ensure  success  and  of   avoiding  costly   failures  we   cannot   afford.  It   is   equally   essential   to   mankind   as   a   whole,  to  nations,  to  families  and   to  each  individual ; the   scale   may   vary,  but  the  degree   of   importance   does  n

2005年上半年高等教育自學(xué)考試全國(guó)統(tǒng)一命題考試英語（二）試題答案及評(píng)分參考

Ⅰvocabulary and structure(本大題共10題，每小題1分，共10分)
1.A   2.C   3.D  4.B  5.B
6.C   7.A   8.D  9.B  10.C

Ⅱcloze test(本大題共10題，每小題1分，共10分)
11.D   12.A  13.B   14.D  15.A  
16.C   17.D  18.B   19.C  20.B

Ⅲreading comprehension(本大題共15題，每小題2分，共30分)
21.B   22.A   23.D   24.C   25.A 
26.A   27.D   28.B   29.C   30.A  
31.C   32.A   33.B   34.D   35.D

Ⅳword spelling(本大題共20題，每小題0.5分，共10分)
36.wreck  37.voluntary  38.urgent 39.tolerate   40.symptom   41.lately 42.magnify  43.notion  44.obey  45.painstaking  46.attainment  47.balance  48.campaign  49.decorate  50.elementary  51.faithful  52.gesture   53.highly   54.imitative   55.justice
[評(píng)分參考]多寫、少寫或錯(cuò)寫一個(gè)字母均為錯(cuò)

Ⅴword form(本大題共10題，每小題1分，共10分)
56.is done  57.settled  58.dangerously  59.to be accomplished  60.talking   61.confusing    62.have been freed   63.would have got over   64.sank   65.would approve
[評(píng)分參考]語法錯(cuò)誤或拼寫錯(cuò)誤均不給分

VI. Translation front Chinese into English (本大題共5小題，每小題3分，共15分)
66. Time is the easiest thing in the world to waste and the most difficult thing to control.
67. Although managers cannot predict the future, many of their decisions require that they consider/take into account possible future events.
68. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable, so there is no absolute time and space/so time and space are not absolute.
69. The number of failures in the examination is surprisingly large.
70. The American folk music in the 1960’s expressed anti-war sentiments as well as love and hope.

[評(píng)分參考]
本大題共5小題，每小題3分，共15分。評(píng)分原則為：
（1） 主要語法錯(cuò)誤（如動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、虛擬語氣、主謂一致、否定、疑問以及其他句型錯(cuò)誤）或影響基本句意的重要用詞錯(cuò)誤扣1分。
（2） 非基本語法錯(cuò)誤（如介詞、代詞、冠詞、大寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)等錯(cuò)誤）以及不影響基本句意的用詞錯(cuò)誤每?jī)商幙?分。
（3） 拼寫錯(cuò)誤每?jī)商幙?分。拼寫錯(cuò)誤本大題總扣分不超過3分。
（4） 如所用句型與答案不一致機(jī)，只要語言和意義正確，均應(yīng)給分

VII．Translation from English into Chinese. (本大題共15分)
計(jì)劃是我們生活中一項(xiàng)非常重要的活動(dòng)。它能使人愉快，甚至令人興奮，但也會(huì)讓人十分頭疼。工作越重要，所需的計(jì)劃就要越仔細(xì)。按時(shí)上班或上學(xué)是幾乎根本不需要計(jì)劃的工作，它只不過是日常事務(wù)。而長(zhǎng)達(dá)一個(gè)月的國(guó)外旅游度假，或更甚之，結(jié)婚娶親，就完全是兩碼事了。如果假期中還要舉行婚禮，接待50位來賓，舉辦招待會(huì)，去意大利度蜜月，再回到新家，那就更需要計(jì)劃周全，以確保成功。計(jì)劃使我們能夠保證成功，避免那些代價(jià)昂貴，而我們又難以承受的失敗。對(duì)于整個(gè)人類、民族、家庭乃至個(gè)人來說，計(jì)劃同樣又是必不可少的。其規(guī)?？纱罂尚?，但重要性都一樣。

[評(píng)分參考]

本大題共15分。評(píng)分原則為：
短文英譯漢的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按譯文質(zhì)量分為15－13分、12－10分、9-7分、6-4分和3-1分共五個(gè)檔次。各檔次標(biāo)準(zhǔn)如下：
（1）15-13分。全文翻譯正確或基本正確，漢語表達(dá)通順。
（2）12-10分。全文主要內(nèi)容翻譯正確或基本正確，漢語表達(dá)尚通順，有一些語句翻譯錯(cuò)誤。
（3）9-7分。全文不少于一半的內(nèi)容基本正確，漢語表達(dá)尚通順，有一些語句翻譯錯(cuò)誤。
（4）6-4分。少部分內(nèi)容翻譯基本正確，有較多的語句翻譯錯(cuò)誤。
（5）3-1分。僅譯對(duì)個(gè)別句子。
（6）全文譯錯(cuò)或充出零星單詞或全文未譯，不給分。
（7）缺譯的語句按完全譯錯(cuò)處理。
根據(jù)以上評(píng)分檔次描述，評(píng)分可在相應(yīng)的檔次內(nèi)上下浮動(dòng)。

北京航空航天大學(xué)  胥國(guó)紅

從2004年上半年開始，筆者已經(jīng)連續(xù)三次撰稿分析自考英語（二）的出題和考試情況。和前兩套試卷相比，本次考試難度明顯提高，閱讀文章長(zhǎng)度劇增，某些小題和答案也存在值得商榷的地方，最終表現(xiàn)在考生的成績(jī)急劇下降，預(yù)計(jì)通過率將創(chuàng)歷史新低。筆者希望本文能引起有關(guān)部門的關(guān)注，采取有力措施規(guī)范英語（二）的出題，保持試卷的連貫性，給廣大考生已明確的指導(dǎo)。

（一） 主觀題得分情況
為了讓大家直觀地了解本次考試的答題情況，筆者把最近三次考試的主觀題得分情況在下表列出。如果說前兩次的浮動(dòng)屬于正常的話，那么本次考試各大題得分的下降幅度，已經(jīng)超出了正常的范圍，令人擔(dān)憂。

表一：
第四大題 第五大題 第六大題 第七大題 總分
2004上半年 2.48 2.17 5.59 10 20.24
2004下半年 2.94 3.04 6.65 8.56 21.19
2005上半年 1.59 1.30 5.67 7.75 16.31

那么試卷難度的增加體現(xiàn)在哪些方面呢？我們通過具體的試卷分析可見一斑。

（二） 具體試卷分析

第一大題

參考答案及考點(diǎn)分析：
1、 A would rather 后接從句，用過去時(shí)表示虛擬語氣。另外從后面的并列謂語動(dòng)詞won也可看出，應(yīng)該用過去時(shí)。
2、 C what 引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中作主語。
3、 D as 引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，并在從句中作主語。其他連詞只能引導(dǎo)狀語從句，不能在句中擔(dān)任任何成分。
4、 B 本題考查定語從句。根據(jù)have confidence in sb.的固定用法可判斷B是答案。
5、 B 本題應(yīng)填入一個(gè)連詞或連接詞組，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)條件狀語從句。if only 作固定詞組用時(shí)，常表示愿望或未實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件，尤用于感嘆句中(如在第65題中的用法)。在此處的用法至少是不典型的。而且在同一套卷子中兩處考察同一詞組的不同用法，具有很大的迷惑性。
6、 C 本題考查動(dòng)詞詞組。這四個(gè)詞組分別意為“丟棄，留下”、“遺漏，省略”、“停止”和“延后”，在本句話中應(yīng)選“停止”的意思。其中l(wèi)eave over為超綱詞。
7、 A 考點(diǎn)同上。四個(gè)詞組分別表示“出現(xiàn)”、“達(dá)到，符合”、“從遠(yuǎn)處來，改變立場(chǎng)和觀點(diǎn)”和“蘇醒，共計(jì)”的意思。其中come over 為超綱詞。
8、 D 本句的意思是“史密斯先生，我能和你說一句話嗎？”只有have a word with 是正確搭配。但本詞組也屬超綱詞組。
9、 B give way to 意為“讓步，讓路”。
10、 C adjust to 為固定搭配，意思是“調(diào)整以適應(yīng)”。

評(píng)析：本大題前五小題考查語法，包括虛擬語氣、主語從句、定語從句和狀語從句。后五小題考查詞匯，全部為動(dòng)詞詞組。所有的句子均與課文沒有直接關(guān)系。其中第5小題的出題值得商榷。

第二大題
這段文章講述的是日本一百年來為了獲得國(guó)外技術(shù)而采取的一種做法：licensing(授權(quán))。因?yàn)槿毡拘枰拇蟛糠旨夹g(shù)不屬于商業(yè)機(jī)密，而且國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)對(duì)跨國(guó)公司很有吸引力，所以很容易獲得英美等國(guó)公司的授權(quán)。但是，近年來這種做法不像以前那樣有效，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在日本需要的國(guó)外技術(shù)主要屬于少數(shù)公司的機(jī)密。

參考答案及考點(diǎn)分析：
11. D 本題考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。參照第一句話的時(shí)態(tài)，本句也應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
12. A 本句的大意是“日本的地位也得到加強(qiáng)”，故選position。
13. B 本題考查詞匯的搭配。只有access可以和to搭配，表示“接近的機(jī)會(huì)”。
14. D 本題考查固定詞組be capable of doing sth。 
15. A 四個(gè)單詞的意思分別是：“潛在的”、“可行的”、“有…傾向的，可能的”和“不可避免的”。在本句中，美英等國(guó)應(yīng)是“潛在的授權(quán)者”。
16. C 本句的意思是“美國(guó)和英國(guó)的公司，作為潛在的授權(quán)者，覺得日本公司如果不受到授權(quán)協(xié)議的約束，會(huì)占據(jù)世界市場(chǎng)的一大部分份額”，所以此處填if表示假設(shè)。
17. D 本句的謂語部分為may well be unique，所以待填動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞形式coming。
18. B transfer of technology意思是“技術(shù)的轉(zhuǎn)移”。
19. C 日本可能發(fā)現(xiàn)這種做法不像以前那么有效，故選less。
20. B 日本現(xiàn)在需要的是屬于少數(shù)幾個(gè)公司的機(jī)密性的信息，故選belongs to。

評(píng)析：本大題難度非常大。首先句子很長(zhǎng)，平均每句話有28個(gè)單詞，句子結(jié)構(gòu)非常復(fù)雜；另外在題材上過于專業(yè)化，大部分考生對(duì)此題材不熟悉，不了解licensing和licenser的含義，感到無從下手。

第三大題
參考答案：
21、B 22、A 23、D 24、C 25、A 26、A 27、D 28、B 29、C 30、A
31、C 32、A 33、B 34、D 35、D

評(píng)析：
第一篇文章寫的是一個(gè)小孩突然意識(shí)到自己是有色人種的故事。文章可能是一個(gè)文學(xué)作品的節(jié)選，體裁上屬于記敘文，難度不大，但是包括了5個(gè)超綱詞：nigger, accustomed, childish, reassured, sobbed。
第二篇文章介紹的是美國(guó)的時(shí)間觀念。全文423個(gè)詞，為歷年考題中最長(zhǎng)的一篇文章。包括4個(gè)超綱詞：automatons, periodicals, prosper, lingering。
第三篇文章介紹不送子女上學(xué)，在家里教育子女的好處和存在的問題。最后一道題的答案straight-forward是超綱詞，對(duì)考生做出正確的選擇影響很大。

第四大題
參考答案及出處：
36、wreck(上冊(cè))   37、voluntary (13A)   38、urgent (上冊(cè))
39、tolerant (上冊(cè))   40、symptom (12A)   41、lately (上冊(cè))
42、magnify(上冊(cè))   43、notion (1B)    44、obey(中學(xué))
45、painstaking（5B）  46、attainment (7A)   47、balance (上冊(cè))
48、campaign(4A)    49、decorate（上冊(cè)）   50、elementary（上冊(cè)）
51、faithful(7A)    52、gesture (上冊(cè))   53、highly (上冊(cè))
54、imitative（上冊(cè)）   55、justice（上冊(cè)）

評(píng)析：
本大題難度適中，但是下冊(cè)課文單詞占的比例偏小。

第五大題
參考答案及考點(diǎn)分析：
56、is done  前半句的意思是“一旦對(duì)環(huán)境造成了危害”，“危害”是主語，所以謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)，表示“被作”。
57. settled  本題考察with + 名詞+ 分詞的結(jié)構(gòu)，由于“罷工”是“被解決”，所以選用過去分詞形式。
58. dangerously 本題考察詞形變化，用副詞形式在句中作狀語。
59. to be accomplished 動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)式作定語，表示“將要被完成的”。
60. talking  appreciate后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。
61. confusing 本題考察詞形變化，用形容詞形式在句中作賓補(bǔ)，意為“令人迷惑的”。
62. have been freed free from可以是動(dòng)詞詞組，意思是“免除，使擺脫”，在句中用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示“所有這一切做完后，我已經(jīng)被免去了所有的麻煩和責(zé)任?！?BR>由于沒有上下文，筆者認(rèn)為本句也可以用將來時(shí)will/shall be freed，表示“所有這一切做完后，我將被免去所有的麻煩和責(zé)任?！绷硗猓琭ree from 也可做形容詞詞組，will/shall be free 也說得通。
63. would have got over 本題考察與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣。
64. sank   待填動(dòng)詞在that 從句中作謂語，用過去時(shí)。
65. would approve 本題考察if only引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣從句，本人通過查閱語法書籍和詢問外教，證實(shí)approved, had approved 應(yīng)該都是答案，而且比would approve更合適。

評(píng)析：
1) 所有的句子均出自書外，和去年下半年的出題思路完全不一致。
2) 第58和61題考察了詞形變化，這一題型從03年來已不再采用。這說明本套題和前幾套題缺乏連貫性。
3) 由于出題不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，第62和65題都可以有兩種以上的答案，但是出題者只給出了唯一的答案，其他的都不算對(duì)。

上述變化使得本大題的答題情況十分不理想。答題中的錯(cuò)誤具體表現(xiàn)在：

錯(cuò)誤分析：
1）對(duì)句子成分劃分不清。回答此類大題的第一步就是要判斷待填動(dòng)詞在句子中是作謂語動(dòng)詞還是其他成分，然后才能決定是用動(dòng)詞的謂語形式還是非謂語形式。很多同學(xué)沒有做出正確的判斷，在該用謂語動(dòng)詞的第56、62、63、64、65題中用了各種非謂語動(dòng)詞形式，而在該用非謂語動(dòng)詞的句子中又用了謂語形式。
2） 對(duì)動(dòng)詞的不規(guī)則變化掌握不牢，出現(xiàn)了getted, sinked等錯(cuò)誤形式。
3） 對(duì)考察詞形變化的題準(zhǔn)備不足，仍然按照動(dòng)詞來變化，如：dangered, to danger, to confuse，等，說明在學(xué)習(xí)單詞時(shí)沒有很好地掌握一個(gè)詞的詞性。

第六大題
參考答案及出處：
66、Time is the easiest thing in the world to waste and the most important thing to control. （7B）
67、Although managers cannot predict the future, many of their decisions require that they consider/take into account possible future events. （1A）
68. Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable, so there is no absolute time and space/so time and space are not absolute. (2A)
69. The number of failures in the examination is surprisingly large. (P81, 第24題)
70. The American folk music in the 1960’s expressed anti-war sentiments as well as lover and hope. (5A)

評(píng)析：
1） 本大題均出自下冊(cè)書上，其中三小題出自A課文，一題出自B課文，另一題出自補(bǔ)充語法的練習(xí)題中。和往年選題范圍相比，出題范圍更廣。
2） 出自A課文的三道題都很長(zhǎng)，從而加大了答題的難度。

錯(cuò)誤分析：

1） 詞匯量太小。不少同學(xué)不會(huì)寫predict, claim, interchangeable, absolute, anti-war sentiment等詞。至于Einstein則幾乎沒有人能拼寫正確。
2） 句型錯(cuò)誤。以第66題為例，不少學(xué)生用了the easier...the more的句型。這表明對(duì)句型的掌握不夠準(zhǔn)確。還有的同學(xué)根本沒有一個(gè)句型的概念，尤其是在第69題，想到哪寫到哪，根本不成句子。如：The not passing exam students are surprise. / Many people fail in the exam surprising. 等等。 
3） 按照中文意思來背單詞，沒有掌握英文的含義。在第68題中，很多同學(xué)用haven’t來表示 “沒有”。

第七大題

參考答案：

計(jì)劃是我們生活中一向非常重要的活動(dòng)。它能使人愉快，甚至令人興奮，但也會(huì)讓人十分頭疼。工作越重要，所需的計(jì)劃就要越仔細(xì)。按時(shí)上班或上學(xué)是幾乎或根本不需要計(jì)劃的工作，它只不過是日常事務(wù)。而長(zhǎng)達(dá)一個(gè)月的國(guó)外旅游度假，或更甚之，結(jié)婚娶親，就完全是兩碼事了。如果假期中還要舉行教堂婚禮，接待50位來賓，舉辦招待會(huì)，去意大利度蜜月，再回到新家，那就更需要計(jì)劃周全，以確保成功。計(jì)劃使我們能夠保證成功，避免那些代價(jià)昂貴，而我們又難以承受的失敗。對(duì)于整個(gè)人類、民族、家庭乃至個(gè)人來說，計(jì)劃同樣是必不可少的。其規(guī)?？纱罂尚。匾远家粯?。

評(píng)析：
本大題難度適中，但很多同學(xué)因做前面的題耗時(shí)太多，沒有時(shí)間來完成，不少人得零分。Severe和 costly為超綱詞。

（三） 總結(jié)和建議
綜上所述，本套題存在以下問題：
1）在去年下半年的那套題中，第一、第四、第五和第六大題中共42.5分的題均直接出自教材，很好地體現(xiàn)了考試大綱的要求，為廣大考生學(xué)習(xí)教材、準(zhǔn)備考試指出了明確的方向。而這次考試，與教材直接相關(guān)的題只占18.5分。眾所周知，考試是考生學(xué)習(xí)的指揮棒，一個(gè)全國(guó)性的考試如此反復(fù)無常，不能不令人擔(dān)憂。
2）從試卷本身來看，本套試卷的難度劇增，文章超長(zhǎng)，超綱詞比比皆是，個(gè)別答案欠嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，使得本來就非常低的通過率更是創(chuàng)歷史新低，對(duì)此次參加考試的考生極不公平。筆者強(qiáng)烈呼吁出題者和有關(guān)部門本著對(duì)廣大考生負(fù)責(zé)的態(tài)度，認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)考試大綱，仔細(xì)研究歷年考題，務(wù)必在今后的考試中杜絕這種難度起伏不定的情況。

對(duì)于廣大考生，筆者的建議如下：
1）重視教材。自考英語和其他水平考試最大的不同就在于它有一套全國(guó)統(tǒng)一的教材，而且每次的考試都和教材有或多或少的聯(lián)系。因此，讀懂讀透課文，認(rèn)真閱讀課后的詞匯學(xué)習(xí)和注解，完成課后練習(xí)，對(duì)于掌握基本的大綱詞匯和語法，提高閱讀能力都有好處。不少同學(xué)幻想拋開課文，光通過做題來提高成績(jī)，不見得會(huì)有好的效果。
2）全面掌握大綱詞匯。不少同學(xué)對(duì)大綱詞匯背得不熟，往往只知道漢語大意，而不了解其詞性、用法和搭配，也不能與其他同義詞、近義詞進(jìn)行區(qū)分。其根本原因在于很多人只通過詞匯手冊(cè)背單詞，而不是通過學(xué)習(xí)課文或廣泛閱讀來提高詞匯量。
3）打下扎實(shí)的語法功底。廣大考生的另一個(gè)誤區(qū)是以為英語（二）只考下冊(cè)課文的內(nèi)容，從而忽視了上冊(cè)教材的學(xué)習(xí)。其實(shí)《自學(xué)教程》上下冊(cè)是一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的整體，上冊(cè)包含了大部分的基本語法知識(shí)，是學(xué)習(xí)下冊(cè)的基礎(chǔ)。沒有這些基本的語法知識(shí)，考生在解答閱讀理解、動(dòng)詞填空及英漢互譯等大題時(shí)會(huì)受到很大的制約。許多考生反映學(xué)習(xí)課文后進(jìn)步不大，其根本原因也許就在于此。
“寶劍鋒從磨礪出，梅花香自苦寒來”。通過多年來的接觸，筆者深知廣大自考考生的不易，也非常敬佩大家的學(xué)習(xí)精神。希望廣大考生發(fā)揚(yáng)百折不撓的精神，再接再厲，相信成功的那一天一定會(huì)到來。