成考高起點(diǎn)英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)誤用辨析
1.中文:他們結(jié)婚兩年了。
(誤)They have married for two years.
(正)They have been married for two years.(表示已婚狀態(tài)的持續(xù),要用完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)式。)
2.中文:他被所有學(xué)生嘲笑。
(誤)He was laughed by all the pupils.
(正)He was laughed at by all the pupils.(不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞=及物動(dòng)詞,變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)介詞不能省略。)
3.中文:英語(yǔ)難學(xué)。
(誤)English is difficult to be learned.
(正)English is difficult to learn.(英語(yǔ)難學(xué)=學(xué)英語(yǔ)難,也可說(shuō)It's difficult to learn English.原句的主語(yǔ)實(shí)際上是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ),不定式要用主動(dòng)形式。)
4.中文:湯姆問(wèn)我這些島嶼是否屬于美國(guó)。
(誤)Tom asked me if these islands are belonged to America.
(正)Tom asked me if these islands belonged to America.
5.中文:中國(guó)發(fā)生了很大變化。
(誤)Great changes have been taken place in China.
(正)Great changes have taken place in China.
6.中文:戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)于一九三七年爆發(fā)。
(誤)The war was broken out in 1937.
(正)The war broke out in 1937.(take place,break out,happen,belong to等不及物動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。)
7.中文:我看不清黑板。也許你需要檢查你的眼睛。
(誤)I can't see the blackboard very well.Perhaps you need to examine your eyes.
(正)I can't see the blackboard very well.Perhaps you need to have your eyes examined.(表示使某物被別人…,通常使用have或get+物+過(guò)去分詞表示。)
8.中文:他命令馬上開(kāi)始工作。
(誤)He ordered the work to start at once.
(正)He ordered the work to be started at once.(不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí),若與賓語(yǔ)是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,要用不定式的被動(dòng)形式。)
9.中文:他試圖不介入政治。
(誤)He tried not to have mixed up in politics.
(正)He tried not to get mixed up in politics.(get作系動(dòng)詞,可代替be,后接過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng),have無(wú)此功能。)
10.中文:據(jù)說(shuō)他很富有。
(誤)They say him to have been rich.
(正)He is said to have been rich.(say后不可接不定式,但它的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后可接不定式。)
11.中文:那人被認(rèn)為是個(gè)傻子。
(誤)The man thought to be a fool.
(正)The man was thought to be a fool.(主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者而不是發(fā)出者,用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。)
?2009年成人高考網(wǎng)上輔導(dǎo)方案
?2009年成人高考英語(yǔ)高頻詞組匯總
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