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(2)鍞績鍙茶鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷拰瀛樺湪鐨勬牴婧�
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绗簩锛岄殠绱氭牴婧�銆傚湪闅庣礆绀炬渻涓�锛屽皪绀炬渻鐝�(xi脿n)璞$殑瑙i噵锛岀洿鎺ュ悓闅庣礆鍒╃泭鏈夐棞銆備竴鏂归潰锛屽湪闅庣礆绀炬渻涓紝寤eぇ鍕炲嫊浜烘皯琚墲濂簡浜彈绮剧鏂囧寲娲诲嫊鐨勬瑠(qu谩n)鍒�锛屽彧鑳藉幓寰炰簨绻侀噸鐨勯珨鍔涘嫗鍕�锛屼笉鍙兘鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺郴绲�(t菕ng)鐨勫爆浜庝粬鍊戣嚜宸辩殑姝峰彶瑙€锛屾洿涓嶅彲鑳界敘(ch菐n)鐢熷嚭鍞墿涓荤京鐨勬鍙茶銆傚彟涓€鏂归潰锛屽湪闅庣礆绀炬渻涓�锛岀当(t菕ng)娌婚殠绱氶兘鏄帉鎻¤憲绮剧鐢熸椿鐨勭壒娆�(qu谩n)锛屼絾鍙崰浜哄彛妤靛皯鏁�(sh霉)鐨勫墲鍓婇殠绱�锛岀偤浜嗙董璀锋湰闅庣礆鐨勬棦寰楀埄鐩�锛屽繀鐒惰璨朵綆寤eぇ鐗╄唱(zh矛)璨″瘜鍓�(chu脿ng)閫犺€呯殑浣滅敤鑰屽じ澶у皯鏁�(sh霉)鑻遍泟浜虹墿鐨勪綔鐢�锛岃捕浣庡嫗鍕曡€呭壍(chu脿ng)閫犵殑鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐨勫姏閲忚€屽じ澶х当(t菕ng)娌昏€呮帶鍒剁殑绮剧鐨勫姏閲�锛屼笉鍙兘姝g⒑闈㈠皪姝峰彶鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑瀹㈣瑕�(gu墨)寰�锛屽缓绔嬪敮鐗╁彶瑙€銆�
绗笁锛岃獚璀樿珫鏍规簮銆傜ぞ鏈冭(gu墨)寰嬭垏鑷劧瑕�(gu墨)寰嬫湁钁楅噸澶х殑宸垾锛氳嚜鐒惰(gu墨)寰嬫槸鐢辫嚜鐒剁晫涓悇绋笉浠ヤ汉鐨勬剰蹇楃偤杞�(zhu菐n)绉荤殑鑷劧鍔涢噺浜掔浉浣滅敤鐨勭祼(ji茅)鏋�;绀炬渻瑕�(gu墨)寰嬪墖鏄€氶亷浜虹殑鏈夋剰璀�銆佹湁鐩殑鐨勬椿鍕曡€屽舰鎴愮殑锛屼竴鍒囨鍙蹭簨浠跺拰绀炬渻娲诲嫊鐒′笉鎵撲笂鍙冭垏鑰�锛岀壒鍒ユ槸灏戞暩(sh霉)鐧�(f膩)鍕曡€呭拰甯堕牠浜虹殑鎰忚瓨鐨勭儥鍗�銆傞€欎竴鍒囧鏄撲娇浜虹敘(ch菐n)鐢熶竴绋尟瑕�锛屼技涔庣ぞ鏈冩鍙叉槸鐢变汉鐨勬€濇兂鍕曟鍜屽皯鏁�(sh霉)鑻遍泟浜虹墿姹哄畾鐨�銆傝€屼笉鍘绘帰绌堕€欎簺“澶т汉鐗�”鐐轰粈涔堟渻鍑虹従(xi脿n)锛屼粬鍊戠殑鎬濇兂鍕曟鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熺殑鐗╄唱(zh矛)鏍规簮鏄粈涔�銆傚洜鑰屼笉鑳芥彮绀哄嚭鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)娲诲嫊鏄ぞ鏈冪櫦(f膩)灞曠殑鏍规湰鍕曞姏锛屼汉姘戠兢鐪炬槸瀵︾従(xi脿n)绀炬渻鐧�(f膩)灞曞拰璁婇潻鐨勬焙瀹氬姏閲�銆�
3.鍞墿鍙茶鍓�(chu脿ng)绔嬬殑鍋夊ぇ鎰忕京
(1)鍞墿鍙茶鐨勫壍(chu脿ng)绔�
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绗簩锛岀ぞ鏈冩鍙叉浠躲€傚埌19涓栫磤涓憠锛屾瓙娲茬殑璩囨湰涓荤京鏈変簡闀疯冻鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞�锛屽悇绋ぞ鏈冮棞绯昏垏绀炬渻鐭涚浘閫蹭竴姝ュ睍闁�锛屾鍙蹭簨浠剁殑鎬濇兂鍕曟鑳屽悗鐨勭墿璩�(zh矛)鍘熷洜閫愭几椤湶浜嗗嚭渚�锛屼汉鍊戝瑕栫ぞ鏈冩鍙茬殑鐪肩晫澶ч枊銆備互涓夊ぇ宸ヤ汉閬嬪嫊鐐烘蹇�锛岀劇鐢�(ch菐n)闅庣礆浣滅偤鐛ㄧ珛鐨勬斂娌诲姏閲忓凡缍�(j墨ng)鐧讳笂鏀挎不鑸炶嚭锛屽叾姝峰彶涓婚珨鎰忚瓨鐨勮閱掞紝鍏跺湪鍕曟悥鑸婂埗搴︽枟鐖腑鎵€灞曠ず鐨勫挤澶у姏閲�锛屽叾灏嶇編濂界ぞ鏈冪殑寮风儓娓存湜锛岄兘鍛煎枤钁楀敮鐗╁彶瑙€鐨勫嚭鐝�(xi脿n)銆�
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(2)鍞墿鍙茶鍓�(chu脿ng)绔嬬殑鎰忕京
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2.浜哄彛鍥犵礌鍙婂叾鍦ㄧぞ鏈冪櫦(f膩)灞曚腑鐨勪綔鐢�
(1)浜哄彛鍥犵礌
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绗竴锛屼竴瀹氱殑浜哄彛鍥犵礌鏄汉椤炵ぞ鏈冨瓨鍦ㄨ垏鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑蹇呰鍓嶆彁鍜岀墿璩�(zh矛)鍩虹銆備汉鏄ぞ鏈冪殑涓婚珨锛屾矑鏈変竴瀹氭暩(sh霉)閲忓拰璩�(zh矛)閲忕殑浜哄彛锛屽氨褰㈡垚涓嶄簡浜洪绀炬渻锛屾洿璜囦笉涓婁汉椤炵ぞ鏈冪殑鐧�(f膩)灞曘€備緥濡�锛屽洜鐏藉銆佹埌(zh脿n)鐖€佺柧鐥呯瓑鍘熷洜?q奴)械姘笣璺€?sh霉)閲忔€ュ妵涓嬮檷锛岀劇娉曠董鎸佷汉鍙e啀鐢熺敘(ch菐n)锛屾渶绲傚皫鑷存煇绋枃鏄庢巩婊呯殑浜嬫儏锛屽湪姝峰彶涓婂雹瑕嬩笉楫€傝€岄€氶亷鎴�(zh脿n)鐖帬濂汉鍙�銆佸悜浜哄彛绋€鐤忕殑鍦版柟绉绘皯绛変篃閮芥浘鏄帹鍕曠敓鐢�(ch菐n)鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑閲嶈鎵嬫銆�
绗簩锛屼汉鍙e洜绱犵殑鐙€娉佺洿鎺ュ埗绱勭墿璩�(zh矛)鐢熸椿璩囨枡鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)锛屽緸鑰屽埗绱勮憲浜洪绀炬渻鐨勫瓨鍦ㄨ垏鐧�(f膩)灞�銆備汉鏃㈡槸鐗╄唱(zh矛)璩囨枡鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)鑰咃紝鍙堟槸鐗╄唱(zh矛)璩囨枡鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鐨勬秷璨昏€�锛屾墍浠ヤ汉鍙e洜绱犵殑鐙€娉佸繀瀹氭渻鐩存帴鍒剁磩鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐢熸椿璩囨枡鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)锛屽緸鑰屽埗绱勮憲浜洪绀炬渻鐨勫瓨鍦ㄨ垏鐧�(f膩)灞曘€備緥濡�锛屽氨浜哄彛鏁�(sh霉)閲忓拰璩�(zh矛)閲忚€岃█锛屽湪鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍔涗互鍙婃暀鑲层€佺鎶€涓嶇櫦(f膩)閬旂殑鏅備唬鍜屽湴鏂�锛岀敓鐢�(ch菐n)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曚富瑕佷緷闈犲嫗鍕曞姏鐨勬暩(sh霉)閲忥紝浜哄彛鏁�(sh霉)閲忕殑澧炲姞灏辨剰鍛宠憲鍕炲嫊鍔涚殑澧炲姞锛岃€屽嫗鍕曞姏鐨勫鍔犲氨鎰忓懗钁楄病瀵屽壍(chu脿ng)閫犺€呬互鍙婅病瀵岀殑澧炲姞锛屾墍浠ュ氨鏈冨嚭鐝�(xi脿n)“澶氬瓙澶氱”鐨勮蹇�锛屽嚭鐝�(xi脿n)“瓒婄瓒婄敓”鐨勭従(xi脿n)璞�銆傚弽涔嬶紝鍦ㄧ敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍔涗互鍙婃暀鑲�銆佺鎶€姣旇純鐧�(f膩)閬旂殑鏅備唬鍜屽湴鏂�锛岀敓鐢�(ch菐n)鐨勭櫦(f膩)灞曟洿澶氫緷璩村嫗鍕曡€呯殑璩�(zh矛)閲�銆傚湪閫欑ó鎯呮硜涓�锛屼汉浣滅偤鐗╄唱(zh矛)璩囨枡娑堣不鑰咃紝鍏剁敓瀛樻垚鏈笉鏈冩笡灏�锛屼絾浣滅偤鐗╄唱(zh矛)璩囨枡鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)鑰�锛屽叾鏁欒偛闁嬬櫦(f膩)鎴愭湰鍗诲ぇ澶у鍔狅紝鍥犳浜哄彛鏁�(sh霉)閲忛亷澶�锛屽弽鑰屾渻灏嶇ぞ鏈冪殑鐧�(f膩)灞曞付渚嗗鍔�锛屾墍浠ュ氨鏈冨嚭鐝�(xi脿n)瓒婃槸杩戠従(xi脿n)浠�锛岀敓鑲茬巼瓒婁綆锛岃秺鏄櫦(f膩)閬斿湴鍗€(q奴)锛岀敓鑲茬巼瓒婁綆鐨勭従(xi脿n)璞�銆�
鍙︿竴鏂归潰锛屼汉鍙e洜绱犱笉鏄汉椤炵ぞ鏈冪櫦(f膩)灞曟渶绲傜殑姹哄畾鎬у洜绱�銆傞€欎富瑕佽〃鐝�(xi脿n)鍦細
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绗簩锛屼汉鍙g媭娉佷笉鑳界洿鎺ユ焙瀹氱ぞ鏈冨埗搴︾殑璁婂寲銆傜ぞ鏈冨埗搴︾殑璁婂寲寰炴牴鏈笂瑾槸鐢遍€欏€嬬ぞ鏈冪殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍔涚櫦(f膩)灞曞皫鑷寸敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴鐨勮畩闈╄€屽紩璧风殑锛屾焙瀹氱ぞ鏈冨埗搴︽洿鏇跨殑鏄ぞ鏈冪殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鏂瑰紡銆備緥濡傦紝鍦ㄤ汉椤炴鍙蹭笂.绀炬渻鍒跺害鐨勬牴鏈畩鍖栬垏浜哄彛鍥犵礌鐨勯噸澶ц畩鍖栦箣闁撳苟鐒″繀鐒堕棞绯�銆傜ぞ鏈冨埗搴︾櫦(f膩)鐢熸牴鏈畩鍖栫殑鏈熼枔鍜屽湴鏂�锛屼汉鍙g媭娉佹湭蹇呯櫦(f膩)鐢熼噸澶ц畩鍖栵紝鑰屼汉鍙g媭娉佺櫦(f膩)鐢熼噸澶ц畩鍖栫殑鏈熼枔鍜屽湴鏂�锛岀ぞ鏈冨埗搴︿篃鏈繀鐧�(f膩)鐢熸牴鏈畩鍖栥€�
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鈶$敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍔涚殑绀炬渻鎬ф槸鎸囩敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍔涙槸鍦ㄤ汉鐨勫嫗鍕曢亷绋嬩腑褰㈡垚鐨�锛屽苟涓斿彧瀛樺湪浜庝汉鐨勫嫗鍕曢亷绋嬩腑锛屽洜鑰屾槸浜洪绀炬渻鐗规湁鐨勫姏閲�;鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍔涙槸鐢辩劇鏁�(sh霉)鍊嬩汉鐨勫嫗鍕曡兘鍔涙(g貌u)鎴愮殑锛岃€屼笖鏄€氶亷涓€瀹氱殑绀炬渻绲�(ji茅)鍚堟柟寮忓舰鎴愮殑绀炬渻鍔涢噺锛屽舰鎴愮ぞ鏈冪殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍔�銆�
鈶㈢敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍔涚殑姝峰彶鎬ф槸鎸囩敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍔涗笉鏈冩案閬犲仠鐣欏湪涓€鍊嬫按骞充笂锛岃€屾槸闅ㄨ憲浜哄€戝韪愭椿鍕曠殑璁婂寲鑰岃畩鍖栥€傜敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍔涚附鏄叿楂旂殑姝峰彶鐨�銆�
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鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鐨勫惈缇╁拰妲�(g貌u)鎴�銆傜敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴鏄汉鍊戝湪鐗╄唱(zh矛)璩囨枡鐢熺敘(ch菐n)閬庣▼涓櫦(f膩)鐢熺殑涓€瀹氱殑銆佸繀鐒剁殑銆佷笉浠ヤ汉鐨勬剰蹇楃偤杞�(zhu菐n)绉荤殑瀹㈣鐗╄唱(zh矛)闂滅郴锛岄珨鐝�(xi脿n)钁楃墿璩�(zh矛)璩囨枡鐢熺敘(ch菐n)涓汉鑸囦汉鐨勯棞绯汇€傜敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴涔熸槸涓€鍊嬬祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)闈炲父寰╅洔鐨勭郴绲�(t菕ng)銆傚緸鍕曟厠(t脿i)鐪嬶紝鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鍖呮嫭鐢熺敘(ch菐n)銆佸垎閰�銆佷氦鎻涘拰娑堣不鍥涘€嬬挵(hu谩n)绡€(ji茅);寰為潨鎱�(t脿i)鐪嬶紝鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鍒嗙偤鐢熺敘(ch菐n)璩囨枡鎵€鏈夊埗褰㈠紡銆佷汉鍊戝湪鐢熺敘(ch菐n)涓殑鍦颁綅鍜岀浉浜掗棞绯�銆佺敘(ch菐n)鍝佸垎閰嶅舰寮忎笁鍊嬫柟闈€€傚湪鍕曟厠(t脿i)鍜岄潨鎱�(t脿i)鐨勭当(t菕ng)涓€涓�锛屾垜鍊戝彲浠ュ皣鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鐨勭祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)姒傛嫭鐐轰笁鍊嬫柟闈細
鍏朵竴锛岀敓鐢�(ch菐n)璩囨枡鐨勬墍鏈夊埗闂滅郴;
鍏朵簩锛屼汉鍊戝湪鐢熺敘(ch菐n)娲诲嫊涓殑鍦颁綅鍜岀浉浜掍氦鎻涢棞绯�;
鍏朵笁锛岀敘(ch菐n)鍝佺殑鍒嗛厤闂滅郴浠ュ強鐢卞畠鐩存帴姹哄畾鐨勬秷璨婚棞绯�銆傚湪鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鐨勪笁鍊嬫柟闈腑锛屼竴鏂归潰锛岀敓鐢�(ch菐n)璩囨枡鎵€鏈夊埗闂滅郴鏄暣鍊嬬敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴鐨勫熀绀庡拰鏍稿績锛屽畠姹哄畾钁椾汉鍊戝湪鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍜屼氦鎻涗腑鐨勫湴浣嶄互鍙婄敘(ch菐n)鍝佸垎閰嶅拰娑堣不鐨勫舰寮忕瓑鍏朵粬鍏╃ó闂滅郴锛屾焙瀹氳憲鏁村€嬬敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛);鍙︿竴鏂归潰锛屽湪鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍜屼氦鎻涢亷绋嬩腑锛屼汉鍊戠殑鍦颁綅鍙婂叾鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佸垎閰嶅拰娑堣不褰㈠紡鍙堥珨鐝�(xi脿n)骞堕瀼鍥鸿憲鐢熺敘(ch菐n)璩囨枡鎵€鏈夊埗褰㈠紡銆�
鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)鍜岄鍨嬨€傛牴鎿�(j霉)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)璩囨枡鎵€鏈夊埗鎬ц唱(zh矛)鐨勪笉鍚�锛屽彲浠ユ妸浜洪姝峰彶涓婄殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鍒嗙偤鍏╃ó鎬ц唱(zh矛)涓嶅悓鐨勫熀鏈鍨嬶細涓€鏄互鐢熺敘(ch菐n)璩囨枡鍏湁鍒剁偤鍩虹鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴;浜屾槸浠ョ敓鐢�(ch菐n)璩囨枡绉佹湁鍒剁偤鍩虹鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴銆傚叾涓�锛岀敓鐢�(ch菐n)璩囨枡鍏湁鍒堕鍨嬬殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴涓張鍖呮嫭鍘熷鍏湁鍒剁殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鍜屽叡鐢�(ch菐n)涓荤京鍏湁鍒剁殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴绛夊叿楂斿舰寮�;鐢熺敘(ch菐n)璩囨枡绉佹湁鍒堕鍨嬬殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴涓張鍖呮嫭濂撮毟涓绘墍鏈夊埗鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴銆佸皝寤轰富鎵€鏈夊埗鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴鍜岃硣鏈鎵€鏈夊埗鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴銆傚叕鏈夊埗鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鐨勫熀鏈壒榛炴槸锛氬嫗鍕曡€呭叡鍚屽崰鏈夌敓鐢�(ch菐n)璩囨枡銆佷汉鍊戝湪鐢熺敘(ch菐n)涓檿浜庡钩绛夊湴浣�銆佺敘(ch菐n)鍝佸垎閰嶄笂涓嶅瓨鍦ㄥ墲鍓娿€傜鏈夊埗鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鐨勫熀鏈壒榛炴槸锛氱敓鐢�(ch菐n)璩囨枡姝稿墲鍓婅€呮墍鏈夎€屽嫗鍕曡€呮矑鏈夋垨寰堝皯鍗犳湁鐢熺敘(ch菐n)璩囨枡锛屽湪鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍜屽垎閰嶄腑瀛樺湪钁椾汉鑸囦汉澹撹揩鑸囪澹撹揩鍙婂墲鍓婅垏琚墲鍓婄殑涓嶅钩绛夐棞绯汇€傜劇璜栧摢涓€绋鍨嬬殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鍙婂叾鍏烽珨褰㈠紡锛岄兘鏄敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍔涚櫦(f膩)灞曞埌涓€瀹氶殠娈电殑鐢�(ch菐n)鐗�锛屾槸姝峰彶鐧�(f膩)灞曠殑蹇呯劧绲�(ji茅)鏋溿€�
鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鍏锋湁鐗╄唱(zh矛)鎬�銆佺ぞ鏈冩€у拰姝峰彶鎬�銆傛墍璎傜敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴鍏锋湁鐗╄唱(zh矛)鎬ф槸鎸囷細
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鍏朵簩锛屼竴瀹氱殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴绺芥槸鍚屼竴瀹氱殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍔涚櫦(f膩)灞曟按骞崇浉閬╂噳鐨勶紝鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鐨勬€ц唱(zh矛)銆佽畩鍖栥€佺櫦(f膩)灞曟鏍瑰埌搴曚篃鏄敱鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍔涚殑姘村钩銆佽畩鍖�銆佺櫦(f膩)灞曟焙瀹氱殑銆�
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(3)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鑸囩ぞ鏈冪稉(j墨ng)婵熺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)鍜岀稉(j墨ng)婵熷熀绀�
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绀炬渻缍�(j墨ng)婵熺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓湁澶氱ó鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴锛屽悇绋敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴鍦ㄧぞ鏈冪稉(j墨ng)婵熺祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)涓殑鍦颁綅銆佷綔鐢ㄦ槸涓嶅悓鐨�銆傚叾涓�;鍗犵当(t菕ng)娌诲湴浣嶇殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鍚勬柟闈㈢殑绺藉拰鍙堢ū缍�(j墨ng)婵熷熀绀�锛屽畠楂旂従(xi脿n)钁楃ぞ鏈冪殑缍�(j墨ng)婵熼棞绯�銆傜悊瑙g稉(j墨ng)婵燂紝鍩虹鑼冪枃瑕佹敞鎰忥細
鍏朵竴锛岀稉(j墨ng)婵熷熀绀庢槸鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴锛屼絾涓嶆槸浠讳綍鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴閮芥浜虹稉(j墨ng)婵熷熀绀�锛岀稉(j墨ng)婵熷熀绀庣壒鎸囧崰绲�(t菕ng)娌诲湴浣嶇殑閭d竴绋敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴銆�
鍏朵簩锛岀稉(j墨ng)婵熷熀绀庢槸鍗犵当(t菕ng)娌诲湴浣嶇殑閭d竴绋敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴鍏�(n猫i)閮ㄥ悇鏂归潰鐨勭附鍜岋紝鍗虫墍鏈夊埗闂滅郴銆佺敓鐢�(ch菐n)涓殑鍦颁綅鍜屼氦鎻涢棞绯�銆佸垎閰嶅拰娑堣不闂滅郴涓夋柟闈㈢殑绺藉拰銆�
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(3)绀炬渻瀛樺湪鑸囩ぞ鏈冩剰璀樼殑杈瓑闂滅郴
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鈶㈢ぞ鏈冩剰璀樼殑闅庣礆灞€у皪绀炬渻瀛樺湪鐨勪緷璩存€�銆傜ぞ鏈冩剰璀樻槸灏嶇ぞ鏈冨瓨鍦ㄧ殑鍙嶆槧锛岄洊鐒堕殠绱氭湰璩�(zh矛)涓婃槸缍�(j墨ng)婵熺従(xi脿n)璞�锛屼絾瀹冨繀鐒跺弽鏄犲埌绀炬渻鎰忚瓨闋樺煙锛屼娇绀炬渻鎰忚瓨涔熸湁浜嗛殠绱氭€�銆�
棣厠鎬濅富缇╄偗瀹氱ぞ鏈冨瓨鍦ㄦ焙瀹氱ぞ鏈冩剰璀�锛屽苟涓嶅惁瑾嶇ぞ鏈冩剰璀樺弽浣滅敤浜庣ぞ鏈冨瓨鍦�锛岃偗瀹氱ぞ鏈冩剰璀樺皪绀炬渻瀛樺湪鍏锋湁渚濊炒鎬э紝骞朵笉鍚﹁獚绀炬渻鎰忚瓨灏嶇ぞ鏈冨瓨鍦ㄥ叿鏈夌浉灏嶇崹绔嬫€�銆傞€欐槸姝峰彶瑙€涓婄殑杈瓑娉曘€傜ぞ鏈冩剰璀樼殑鐩稿皪鐛ㄧ珛鎬т富瑕佽〃鐝�(xi脿n)鍦細
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涓€銆侀伕鎿囬
1.“鍕炲嫊鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鐜囪垏鑷劧姊濅欢鐨勫劒(y艒u)鍔f湁闂�”锛岄€欑ó闂滀簬鍦扮悊鐠�(hu谩n)澧冨皪浜庣ぞ鏈冪櫦(f膩)灞曠殑浣滅敤鐨勮瑙f槸(銆€銆€)
A.姝g⒑鐨�
B.閷鐨�
C.鍦扮悊鐠�(hu谩n)澧冩焙瀹氳珫瑙€榛�
D.閬庡垎澶稿ぇ鍦扮悊鐠�(hu谩n)澧冪殑浣滅敤
2.涓嬪垪閬搁爡涓笉灞簬鎰忚瓨褰㈡厠(t脿i)鐨勬槸(銆€銆€)
A.鍝插
B.娉曞
C.鍊悊瀛�
D.瑾炶█瀛�
3.绀炬渻瀛樺湪鏄寚(銆€銆€)
A.鑷劧鐣屽悇绋绱犵殑绺藉拰
B.绀炬渻鍚勭ó瑕佺礌鐨勭附鍜�
C.绀炬渻鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐢熸椿姊濅欢鐨勭附鍜�
D.鑷劧鑸囩ぞ鏈冨悇绋浠剁殑绺藉拰
4.涓嬪垪閬搁爡涓笉灞簬鏂囧寲鐨勭ぞ鏈冨姛鑳界殑鏄�(銆€銆€)
A.淇℃伅鍔熻兘
B.鏁欏寲鍔熻兘
C.寮峰埗鍔熻兘
D.淇冮€茬ぞ鏈冪櫦(f膩)灞曠殑鍔熻兘
5.浜洪绀炬渻鍜岃嚜鐒剁晫鍗冲皪绔嬪張绲�(t菕ng)涓€鐨勫熀绀庢槸(銆€銆€)
A.瀹囧畽绁為潏
B.鍕炲嫊
C.浜烘皯缇ょ溇
D.鑻遍泟浜虹墿
6.鏀挎不涓婂堡寤虹瓚鐨勬牳蹇冩槸(銆€銆€)
A.钘濊
B.鍦嬪鏀挎瑠(qu谩n)
C.鏀块花
D.鍝插
7.鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍔涙墍楂旂従(xi脿n)鐨勯棞绯绘槸(銆€銆€)
A.浜鸿垏浜虹殑闂滅郴
B.鐗╄垏鐗╃殑闂滅郴
C.浜哄拰鐗╃殑闂滅郴
D.浜洪绀炬渻鍜岃嚜鐒剁晫鐨勯棞绯�
8.浜哄彛鍟忛寰炴湰璩�(zh矛)涓婅瑳鏄�(銆€銆€)
A.鐠�(hu谩n)澧冨晱椤�
B.鑷劧姊濅欢鍟忛
C.鐧�(f膩)灞曞晱椤�
D.鐢熻偛鍟忛
9.鐢熺敘(ch菐n)闂滅郴鎵€楂旂従(xi脿n)鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)閬庣▼涓�(銆€銆€)
A.浜鸿垏鑷劧鐣岀殑闂滅郴
B.浜鸿垏浜虹殑鏀挎不闂滅郴
C.浜鸿垏浜虹殑鎬濇兂闂滅郴
D.浜鸿垏浜虹殑缍�(j墨ng)婵熼棞绯�
10.鍒ゆ柗涓€绋敓鐢�(ch菐n)闂滅郴鏄惁鍏堥€茬殑妯欏織鏄�(銆€銆€)
A.鍏湁鍒堕倓鏄鏈夊埗
B.鍏湁鍒舵按骞抽珮浣�
C.鏄惁閬╁悎鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍔涚殑鐙€娉�
D.鍕炲嫊鐢�(ch菐n)鍝佸垎閰嶆槸鍚﹀叕骞�
浜�銆佽鲸鏋愰
1.鍕炲嫊鍓�(chu脿ng)閫犱簡浜�銆�
2.鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)灏嶄汉鍙g敓鐢�(ch菐n)娌掓湁鍒剁磩浣滅敤銆�
涓�銆佺啊绛旈
1.绨¤堪鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍔涘強鍏舵(g貌u)鎴�銆�
2.绨¤堪鍦嬪鐨勫璩�(zh矛)銆�
鍥涖€佽珫杩伴
閬嬬敤绀炬渻鎰忚瓨鐩稿皪鐛ㄧ珛鎬у師鐞�锛岃鏄庡姞寮锋斂娌绘€濇兂宸ヤ綔鐨勯噸瑕佹€�銆�
鍙冭€冪瓟妗堬細
涓€銆侀伕鎿囬
1.A
2.D
3.C
4.C
5.B
6.B
7.D
8.C
9.D
10.C
浜�銆佽鲸鏋愰
1.姝g⒑銆傚洜鐐哄嫗鍕曟槸浜洪鏈€鍩烘湰鐨勫拰鏈€鏈唱(zh矛)鐨勫韪愭椿鍕�锛屽畠鎻愪緵浜洪绀炬渻瀛樺湪鑸囩櫦(f膩)灞曠殑鍩虹锛屽舰鎴愪簡浜洪绀炬渻闂滅郴锛屽埗绱勮憲浜洪缍�(j墨ng)婵熺殑銆佹斂娌荤殑銆佺簿绁炵殑绛夊叏閮ㄧぞ鏈冪敓娲汇€�
2.绛旓細閷銆�
鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)灏嶄汉鍙g敓鐢�(ch菐n)鏈夐噸瑕佸埗绱勪綔鐢紝涓昏琛ㄧ従(xi脿n)鍦ㄥ叐鏂归潰锛�
(1)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鍔涚殑鐧�(f膩)灞曟按骞冲埗绱勮憲浜哄彛鐨勬暩(sh霉)閲�銆佽唱(zh矛)閲�銆佸瘑搴�銆佹(g貌u)鎴愬拰澧為暦閫熷害銆備竴鑸締瑾紝鐣剁墿璩�(zh矛)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)浠ユ墜宸ュ伐鍏峰拰楂斿姏鍕炲嫊鐐轰富鏅�锛屽瑙€涓婅姹備汉鍙f暩(sh霉)閲忓鍔�锛屼互閬╂噳鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鐧�(f膩)灞曞皪鍕炲嫊鍔涚殑闇€姹�銆傜暥鐗╄唱(zh矛)鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鐧�(f膩)灞曚富瑕佷緷闈犵瀛告妧琛撻€叉鎻愰珮鍕炲嫊鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鐜囨檪锛屽瑙€涓婅姹備汉鍙f暩(sh霉)閲忛檷浣�锛岃€屽皪浜哄彛璩�(zh矛)閲忕殑瑕佹眰鎻愰珮銆�
(2)鐗╄唱(zh矛)璩囨枡鐨勭敓鐢�(ch菐n)鏂瑰紡?j墨ng)Q瀹氫汉鍙g敓鐢�(ch菐n)鐨勭ぞ鏈冨舰寮�锛屽嵆濠氬Щ瀹跺涵褰㈠紡銆備竴鑸締瑾�锛屽湪鍊嬮珨灏忕敓鐢�(ch菐n)鏅備唬锛屽搴竴鑸悓鏅傚張鏄敓鐢�(ch菐n)鍠綅;鑰屽湪閫插叆绀炬渻鍖栧ぇ鐢熺敘(ch菐n)浠ュ悗锛屽搴殑鐢熺敘(ch菐n)鑱疯兘鍓囬€愭几娓涘急浠ヨ嚧娑堝け銆�
涓夈€佺啊绛旈
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2022鎴愪汉楂樼瓑瀛︽牎鎷涚敓鍏ㄥ浗缁熶竴鑰冭瘯璇枃(楂樿捣鐐�)
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2021鎴愪汉楂樼瓑瀛︽牎鎷涚敓鍏ㄥ浗缁熶竴鑰冭瘯璇枃(楂樿捣鐐�)
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2020鎴愪汉楂樼瓑瀛︽牎鎷涚敓鍏ㄥ浗缁熶竴鑰冭瘯璇枃(楂樿捣鐐�)
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